Changes in fungal communities in organically fertilized soil

Abstract

The research project was carried out as a field experiment with application of the following crop rotation system: industrial potato, spring barley for fodder, winter rape and winter wheat, established in the random distribution of blocks in triplicate on gleyic luvisol formed of silty light loam. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of diversified organic fertilization based on composted wastewater sediments and farm manure on the community of soil fungi as compared to fields without fertilization and with NPK fertilization only. The fungi were cultured on the Martin medium and were counted and identified afterwards. As a result of three-year field experiments it was established that organic fertilization had a more determining effect on qualitative composition than numbers of soil fungi. Total number of fungal colony-forming units in the soil fertilized with Biohum at 10 t/ha and 5 t/ha was significantly higher than in soil with mineral NPK fertilization and without fertilization. Most frequently pathogens populated the soil in fields without fertilization and to a lesser extent the soil with mineral NPK fertilization. A positive influence of organic fertilizers on the fungal community structure was recorded. The number of pathogens was limited (to 1.2% in fields fertilized with farm manure) while the population of saprotrophic fungi possessing antagonistic properties increased.

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long‐term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

“…The overall diversity of soil fungal communities decreased on amendment with chemical fertilizers (Allison et al, 2007;Beauregard et al, 2010;Kamaa et al, 2012). Like chemical fertilizers, the application of organic matter can also impact soil fungal communities, with their application frequently causing increased soil fungal diversity (Cwalina-Ambroziak and Bowszys, 2009;Kamaa et al, 2012;Song et al, 2015). These changes to soil fungal communities are associated with the alteration of soil nutrients and plant carbon inputs (Allison et al, 2007;Song et al, 2015).…”

“…In contrast, the application of organic matter can suppress pathogenic fungal growth, and enhances the growth of fungi that antagonize these pathogenic species (Hoitink and Fahy, 1986;Gamliel and Stapleton, 1993;Bulluck et al, 2002;Zinati, 2005;Bo_ zena Cwalina-Ambroziak, 2009;Cwalina-Ambroziak et al, 2010;Mokhtar and El-Mougy, 2014;Saxena et al, 2015). For example, Cwalina-Ambroziak and Bowszys (2009) found that the aqueous extracts from compost inhibited mycelium growth in pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum coccodes, and those of the genus Fusarium.…”

Fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer to regulate the root soil microbial community structure to improve Baby Chinese cabbage yield

“…These findings were consistent with those of prior studies indicating that organic fertilizer addition increases bacterial community diversity (Chaudhry et al 2012, Jannoura et al 2013, Xiong et al 2017). Compared with conventional fertilization, organic fertilization had a stronger effect on soil fungal communities (Cwalina-Ambroziak and Bowszys 2009, Wei et al 2017). All treatments with bio-organic fertilizer increased soil fungal community diversity and richness.…”

First Report of Tripartite Symbiosis Potential among Soybean, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and Dark Septate Endophytes

“…Farmers tend to add excessive chemical fertilizers to increase soybean growth and production [9]. A continuous application of chemical fertilizers can affect the soil's microbiome by modifying the soil's chemical composition and physical character [10,11]. Moreover, only 30-50% of applied N fertilizer and 10-45% of P fertilizer are utilized by crops [12,13].…”