Changes in Forest Cover and its Diversity

Pichler, Viliam; Godinho-Ferreira, Paulo; Zlatanov, Tzvetan; Pichlerová, Magdaléna; Gregor, Juraj

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9834-4_12

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1a-e and 4 illustrates a correspondence between extensively (forestland and pastureland) or intensively (cropland) managed land covers on one hand, and stony or finely grained soil patches on the other hand. Such overlap patterns are common to land use and forest cover histories in Europe (Pichler et al 2011). Obviously, the non-destructive survey provided a sound and less labor and time-consuming alternative to quantitative soil pits method, which could not be applied due to the large volume of stones and boulders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Ahmed¹,

Pichler

Homolák

et al. 2012

Eur J Forest Res

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Little is known on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in karst areas worldwide, although many of them have seen long-term application of agroforestry systems with a potential for carbon sequestration. Therefore, our study aimed to assess landscape-level SOC concentration and stock in the Silica Plateau, a part of the Slovak Karst Biosphere Reserve located in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia) with a centuries-long agroforestry record. The most represented local soil units are Chromi-Rendzic Leptosols and Chromic Cambisols with clayey loam texture, C/N ratio 9-12, and pH H 2 O 6.6-6.2 in their organo-mineral surface horizons. Mull surface humus form prevails under mixed forest stands dominated by hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), oak (Quercus petraea L.), and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). A total of 2,700 soil samples were collected from 150 soil pits. Both SOC concentrations and stocks were determined for the 0-60 cm mineral soil layer. Soil stoniness was accounted for by means of electrical resistivity tomography. According to the analysis of covariance, cropland SOC concentration (0.026 g g -1 ) is significantly lower compared to forestland (0.040 g g -1 ) and pastureland (0.041 g g -1 ) (P \ 0.01). During the period of 130 years after forest clearing, cropland SOC stock has been reduced at an exponential decay rate of ca 0.002 year -1 , while the SOC stock in pastureland has increased following land use change from cropland by approximately 30% during the same period of time. Irrespective of land use history, overall SOC stock is high reaching on average 207.4 Mg ha -1 , out of which 66% are stored within 0-30 cm and 34% within 30-60 cm soil layers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Ahmed¹,

Pichler

Homolák

et al. 2012

Eur J Forest Res

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“…These evidences are related with the pedosphere. The particular knowledge of interrelationships between the soil type formation and the dominating phytocoenological society related to climate development was described by Pichler et al (2011). Concerning the physical conditions of soil, the increasing thickness of the active layer can determine the destabilisation of slopes and, together with an increase of intensive rainfall events, cause severe water erosion phenomena, or even debris flows and landslide episodes.…”

Section: Comparison Of Approaches and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on the Alpine ecosystem: an overview with focus on the soil

Chersich¹,

Rejšek²,

Vranová³

et al. 2015

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The Alpine ecosystem is very sensitive to climatic changes, which have an influence on glaciers, snow, vegetation and soils. The aim of this review is to illustrate the effects of global change on the Alpine soil ecosystem, which is an optimal marker to record them. The manuscript enhances our understanding of the global change effect on the Alpine environment: on morphology, on ice, on vegetation and points out how the cycles of soil nutrients equilibrium have been changed with a direct effect on soils that support plant species. The changes in cryosphere, glacier reduction and periglacial environment as glaciers retreat, decrease in the snow cover extent and earlier snowmelt, determine an effect on soils (on the structure, organic matter and humus forms, soil processes and soil types) from the top of the Alpine horizon to the bottom. The processes induced by climate change (such as erosion and tree line shifting) have a direct effect on water balance that can be observed on soil profile characters with an effect on upward migration, change in phenology, extensive losses of species. The equilibrium of the biogeochemical cycles has been changed and this has a direct effect on soils that support plant species.

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“…Mountain spruce forests perform a number of important ecosystem services in the country (e.g. snow accumulation, protection against avalanches and soil erosion, a headwater function) as stated by, for instance, Fleischer et al (2017), Holko et al (2021), Pichler et al (2010) and Seidl et al (2019). The long-distance transport of air pollution and acid deposition from the 1970s through the 1990s in many mountain massifs, particularly in Western and Central Europe, caused a decline in natural mountain spruces (e.g Fazekašová et al, 2016;Minďáš and Škvarenina, 1995;Oulehle et al, 2013;Rehfuess, 1985;Vacek et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mature spruce forest on canopy interception in subalpine conditions during three growing seasons

Jančo

Mezei

Kvas

et al. 2021

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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The interception process in subalpine Norway spruce stands plays an important role in the distribution of throughfall. The natural mountain spruce forest where our measurements of throughfall and gross precipitation were carried out, is located on the tree line at an elevation of 1,420 m a.s.l. in the Western Tatra Mountains (Slovakia, Central Europe). This paper presents an evaluation of the interception process in a natural mature spruce stand during the growing season from May to October in 2018–2020. We also analyzed the daily precipitation events within each growing season and assigned to them individual synoptic types. The amount and distribution of precipitation during the growing season plays an important role in the precipitation-interception process, which confirming the evaluation of individual synoptic situations. During the monitored growing seasons, precipitation was normal (2018), sub-normal (2019) and above-normal (2020) in comparison with long-term precipitation (1988–2017). We recorded the highest precipitation in the normal and above-normal precipitation years during the north-eastern cyclonic synoptic situation (NEc). During these two periods, interception showed the lowest values in the dripping zone at the crown periphery, while in the precipitation sub-normal period (2019), the lowest interception was reached by the canopy gap. In the central crown zone near the stem, interception reached the highest value in each growing season. In the evaluated vegetation periods, interception reached values in the range of 19.6–24.1% of gross precipitation total in the canopy gap, 8.3–22.2% in the dripping zone at the crown periphery and 45.7–51.6% in the central crown zone near the stem. These regimes are expected to change in the Western Tatra Mts., as they have been affected by windstorms and insect outbreaks in recent decades. Under disturbance regimes, changes in interception as well as vegetation, at least for some period of time, are unavoidable.

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Changes in Forest Cover and its Diversity

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Climate change impacts on the Alpine ecosystem: an overview with focus on the soil

Effect of mature spruce forest on canopy interception in subalpine conditions during three growing seasons

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