Changes in Enzymes and Potassium Content of the Neuromuscular Systems of Albino Rats During Prolonged Exposure to Simulated Hypogravics

Saiki, H.; Nakaya, M; Sudoh, Masamichi; Okamoto, Toshihiro; Nakajima, Junko

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-023416-8.50030-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It could be due to physiological changes including an upward shift of body fluids toward the head, which may lead to an attenuation of the olfactory component in the flavour of foods, pressing the nerve regions or dysfunction of nerve as well as increased activity of b-AR agonists [21]. Lactate dehygrogenase isoenzyme levels increased during HDT, this implied the development of muscular atrophy as reported in previous studies [23]. Salivary glucosyltransferase B levels were increased in HDT as compared to normal as reported in previous study [6] and indicated that caries prevalence is more during microgravity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Loss of bone calcium during bed rest is the result of increased bone resorption by osteoclasts and it is not due to endocrine changes. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes the release of calcium from bone and stimulates the kidneys to release the active form of Vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, which increases intestinal calcium absorption [18–23]. Insufficient calcium consumption leads to a reduction in serum calcium levels and thereby to a secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitriol synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation by an Aeronautic Dentist on the Adverse Effects of a Six-Week Period of Microgravity on the Oral Cavity

Rai

Kaur

Foing

2011

International Journal of Dentistry

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Objective. HDT bed rest condition is a simulated microgravity condition in which subject lies on bed inclined −6 degree feet up. To determine the influence of a simulated microgravity (HDT bed rest) on oral cavity, 10 healthy male volunteers were studied before, during, just after, and after 6 weeks of the simulated microgravity condition of −6° head-down-tilt (HDT) bed rest. Materials and Methods. Facial nerve function, facial sensation, chemosensory system, salivary biomarkers were measured. Results. Lactate dehydrogenase, MIP 1 alpha, malonaldehyde, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, and thiocyanate were found to increase significantly, while flow rate, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate, protein, amylase activity, vitamin E and C, and mouth opening were decreased in simulation environments in contradiction to normal. The threshold for monosodium glutamate (MSG) and capsaicin increased during microgravity as compared to normal conditions. Moderate pain of teeth, facial oedema, mild pain, loss of sensation of pain and temperature, decreased tongue, and mandibular movement in simulation microgravity environments were observed. Conclusions. These results suggest that reversible effect of microgravity is oedema of face, change in taste, abnormal expression of face, teeth pain, and xerostomia. Further study will be required on large scale on long-term effects of microgravity on oral cavity to prevent the adverse effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%