Changes in DXA-derived lean mass and MRI-derived cross-sectional area of the thigh are modestly associated

Tavoian, Dallin; Ampomah, Kwasi; Amano, Shinichi; Law, Timothy; Clark, Brian C.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46428-w

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Clark et al [5] noted that while DXA has several advantages as a tool to quantify appendicular lean soft tissue mass, it offers lower accuracy than MRI and CT scans relative to cadaveric measurements and is prone to measurement error. Furthermore, studies have reported only a modest relationship between increases in DXA-and MRIor CT-derived measures of percent change in muscle size [13,20,41]. Thus, we concede that there are a variety of methodological techniques for assessing body composition in both younger and older adults, and measurement via ultrasound, MRI, or CT may yield differing conclusions from those of the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Age-Related Differences in the Predictability of Fast Gait Speed with Absolute and Rapid Squat Strength

Stock

Thompson

Sobolewski

2019

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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Gait speed is now recognized as an important clinical tool in the older adult population. However, fast gait speed appears to better reflect lower-extremity muscle performance and declines more rapidly in advanced age than comfortable gait speed. We examined the ability of leg lean mass and absolute and rapid strength characteristics to predict fast gait speed in younger versus older adults. Twenty-four younger (12 men, 12 women; age = 22 ± 3 years) and 22 older (11 men, 11 women; age = 72 ± 6 years) adults participated in the study. Fast gait speed was assessed at 10-and 400-m distances. Leg lean mass was quantified with dual X-ray absorptiometry. Isometric squat peak torque and the rate of torque development at 200 ms (RTD200) were tested with a 120° knee joint angle. Statistical analyses included independent samples t tests, partial correlations, and stepwise regression. Large differences between age groups were observed for peak torque, RTD200, and gait speed (P ≤ 0.006, d ≥ 0.79), whereas the difference in leg lean mass was small (P = 0.246, d = 0.35). In older adults only, the partial correlation for 400-m speed versus RTD200 was significant (r = 0.463, P = 0.040). Stepwise regression revealed that peak torque was a significant predictor of 10-m (R 2 = 0.257, P = 0.016) and 400-m (R 2 = 0.239, P = 0.021) gait speed in older adults. As adults age, lower-extremity, multi-joint muscle strength becomes increasingly important in regulating fast gait speed, whereas lean mass is not predictive.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Age-Related Differences in the Predictability of Fast Gait Speed with Absolute and Rapid Squat Strength

Stock

Thompson

Sobolewski

2019

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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“…The legs were isolated using cut-lines that passed through the femoral necks. DXA-derived lean soft tissue mass comprises non-fat and non-bone tissue that correlates well with muscle mass measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in males and females [29,30].…”

Section: Muscle Mass Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 78%

Lower-limb muscle strength: normative data from an observational population-based study

Pasco

Stuart

Holloway‐Kew

et al. 2020

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background: The extent of muscle deterioration associated with ageing or disease can be quantified by comparison with appropriate reference data. The objective of this study is to present normative data for lower-limb muscle strength and quality for 573 males and 923 females aged 20-97 yr participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study in southeastern Australia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, measures of muscle strength for hip flexors and hip abductors were obtained using a Nicholas manual muscle tester, a hand-held dynamometer (HHD; kg). Leg lean mass was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA; kg), and muscle quality calculated as strength/mass (N/kg). Results: For both sexes, muscle strength and quality decreased with advancing age. Age explained 12.9-25.3% of the variance in muscle strength in males, and 20.8-24.6% in females; age explained less of the variance in muscle quality. Means and standard deviations for muscle strength and quality for each muscle group are reported by agedecade for each sex, and cutpoints equivalent to T-scores of − 2.0 and − 1.0 were derived using data from young males (n = 89) and females (n = 148) aged 20-39 years. Conclusions: These data will be useful for quantifying the extent of dynapenia and poor muscle quality among adults in the general population in the face of frailty, sarcopenia and other age-related muscle dysfunction.

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“…Lean soft tissue mass, a proxy measure for muscle mass, was assessed by whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Lunar Prodigy-Pro, Madison, WI, USA). DXA-derived lean mass comprises non-fat and non-bone tissue and is correlated with skeletal muscle mass measured with magnetic resonance imaging 37 . Appendicular lean mass (ALM) was calculated as the sum of lean mass for the arms and legs and expressed relative to the square of height ALM/height 2 (kg/m 2 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle strength and gait speed rather than lean mass are better indicators for poor cognitive function in older men

Sui

Holloway‐Kew

Hyde

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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We aimed to examine muscle strength, function and mass in relation to cognition in older men. this cross-sectional data-set included 292 men aged ≥60 yr. Handgrip strength (kg) was measured by dynamometry, gait speed by 4-metre walk (m/s) and appendicular lean mass (kg) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. cognition was assessed across four domains: psychomotor function, attention, visual learning and working memory. Composite scores for overall cognition were calculated. Bivariate analyses indicated that handgrip strength and gait speed were positively associated with cognitive function. After accounting for confounders, positive associations between individual muscle (or physical) measures and cognitive performance were sustained for handgrip strength and psychomotor function, gait speed and psychomotor function, gait speed and attention, handgrip strength and overall cognition, and gait speed and overall cognition. in multivariable models, handgrip strength and gait speed independently predicted psychomotor function and overall cognition. no associations were detected between lean mass and cognition after adjusting for confounders. thus, low muscle strength and slower gait speed, rather than low lean mass, were associated with poor cognition in older men.

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Changes in DXA-derived lean mass and MRI-derived cross-sectional area of the thigh are modestly associated

Cited by 54 publications

References 43 publications

Age-Related Differences in the Predictability of Fast Gait Speed with Absolute and Rapid Squat Strength

Age-Related Differences in the Predictability of Fast Gait Speed with Absolute and Rapid Squat Strength

Lower-limb muscle strength: normative data from an observational population-based study

Muscle strength and gait speed rather than lean mass are better indicators for poor cognitive function in older men

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