Changes in cytochrome content and electron transport patterns in Pseudomonas putida as a function of growth phase

Abstract

Optical absorbance difference spectra of membrane vesicles prepared from aerobically grown Pseudomonas putida indicated that, when harvested in logarithmic phase, the cells contained one c-type cytochrome and two or three b-type cytochromes, one of which was cytochrome o. As the cells grew into stationary phase and the oxygen concentration of the medium dropped to essentially zero, an additional component believed to be cytochrome d was produced. Both the o-and d-type cytochromes might function as terminal oxidases. No a-type cytochromes could be detected at any stage of growth. Polarographic measurement of oxygen utilization revealed that cyanide and azide are effective inhibitors of the oxidation of ascorbate coupled with 2,6-dichlorophenolindo

Plasmolysis induced by toluene in a cyoB mutant of Pseudomonas putida

“…CyoB is reported to be one of the subunits of cytochrome o terminal oxidase, and is required for the assembly of the metal centres in the Cyo system (Chepuri et al ., 1990; Fukaya et al ., 1993; Puustinen et al ., 1989). The cytochrome o branch of the respiratory chain is expressed at a low level in cells in the stationary phase, and at a high level in cells growing exponentially (Anraku and Gennis, 1987; Armitage, 1997; Rice and Hempfling, 1978; Sweet and Peterson, 1978; Dinamarca et al ., 2002). In contrast, the cytochrome d ( cio ) terminal oxidase is expressed mainly in the stationary growth phase in Gram‐negative bacteria such as E. coli and P. putida (Bradford, 1976; Nakamura et al ., 1997; Sweet and Peterson, 1978).…”

“…This cytochrome receives electrons from the ubiquinone pools (Nakamura et al ., 1997). The CyoABCD terminal oxidase seems to play a major role in cells growing in conditions of high oxygen tension (Sweet and Peterson, 1978; Cotter et al ., 1990; 1997), and is expressed preferentially in cells in the exponential phase although expression in the stationary phase also takes place but at a lower level (Dinamarca et al ., 2003). In contrast, at least in Escherichi coli the CydAB terminal oxidase (CioAB in P. aeruginosa ) is preferentially expressed in cells growing under low oxygen tension and in the stationary phase (Taylor and Zhulin, 1999).…”

Prediction of the keeping quality of pasteurized milk by the detection of cytochrome c oxidase

“…non-psychrotrophs) or that some psychrotrophic organisms after growth at 30°C do not contain cytochrome c oxidase. For instance, pseudomonads can have branched respiratory chains with alternative oxidases depending on species and growth conditions (Sweet & Peterson 1978Zannoni 1982). Cytochrome c oxidase activity is not always present in psychrotrophic bacteria (Jones 1980) and in some pseudomonads, cytochrome o ( b type cytochrome) is the major route of electron flow to 0, (Sweet & Peterson 1981 ;Matsushita et a!.…”

“…nitrate, fumarate (Jones 1979). Large variations in redox carrier com-position can occur in response to changes in environment, most notably 0, tension, nutrient availability and nature of the carbon/energy source (Sweet & Peterson 1978;Jones 1980). Cytochrome c oxidase can be detected with NNN'N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylene-diamine (TMPD) and this has long been used as an important taxonomic test (Kovacs 1956).…”

Isolation and characterization of toluene-sensitive mutants from Pseudomonas putida IH-2000

“…It was indicated in this report that the cytochrome o branch of the respiratory chain is dispensable under normal laboratory growth conditions [24]. Actually, it is known that cytochrome d (cyd) is expressed mainly in the stationary phase of growth in Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and P. putida [25,26] and cyd is used instead of cyo in cyo-de¢cient mutants of E. coli. Tn5 mutants may also use cyd, as in E. coli, although cyd has not been identi¢ed yet in P. putida IH-2000.…”