Changes in Construals of Tic-Producing Situations following Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy

O’Connor, Kieron; Gareau, D.; Blowers, Geoffrey H.

doi:10.2466/pms.1993.77.3.776

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…O’Connor and colleagues (O’Connor, Brisebois, Brault, Robillard, & Loiselle, 2003; O’Connor, Gareau, & Blowers, 1993; 1994) identified situations in which tics or habits were likely to appear and situations in which tics were weak or even absent by using Kelly’s repertory grid technique. Socializing was the most frequently named high-risk activity, while studying was most frequently named as low-risk activity.…”

Section: Association Between Psychosocial Stress and Ticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome

et al. 2014

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Accumulating data indicate a common occurrence of tic exacerbations and periods of psychosocial stress. Patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS) also exhibit aberrant markers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. Based on these findings, a functional relationship between stress and tic disorders has been suggested, but the underlying mechanism of how stress may affect tic pathology remains to be elucidated. We suggest that dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission as well as immunology play a crucial role in mediating this relationship. Two possibilities of causal direction might be assumed: (a) psychosocial stress might lead to an exacerbation of tics via activation of HPA axis and subsequent changes in neurotransmission or immunology and (b) TS-related abnormalities in neurotransmission or immunology result in a higher vulnerability of affected patients to respond to psychosocial stress with a strong activation of the HPA axis. It may also be the case that both assumptions hold true and interact with each other.

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Section: Association Between Psychosocial Stress and Ticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, TD and BFRB patients report an urge or impulse to perform the motor act (i.e., the tic or the repetitive behavior) and both experience relief after it has occurred [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In both conditions, chronic symptoms wax and wane, follow the same loop of negative reinforcement, and can be accentuated by stress, fatigue, or boredom [ 1 , 14 , 15 ]. To our knowledge, no study has reported the comorbidity rates between tic disorders and BFRB as a whole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P300 Source Localization Contrasts in Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors and Tic Disorders

et al. 2017

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Tic disorders (TD) and body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRB) have similar phenotypes that can be challenging to distinguish in clinical settings. Both disorders show high rates of comorbid psychiatric conditions, dysfunctional basal ganglia activity, atypical cortical functioning in the prefrontal and motor cortical regions, and cognitive deficits. Clinicians frequently confound the two disorders and it is important to find reliable objective methods to discriminate TD and BFRB. Neuropsychological tests and event-related potential (ERP) studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding a possible context updating deficit in TD and BFRB patients. However, most previous studies did not control for the presence of comorbid psychiatric condition and medication status, which might have confounded the findings reported to date. Hence, we aimed to investigate the psychophysiology of working memory using ERP in carefully screened TD and BFRB patients excluding those with psychiatric comorbidity and those taking psychoactive medication. The current study compared 12 TD patients, 12 BRFB patients, and 15 healthy control participants using a motor oddball task (button press). The P300 component was analyzed as an index of working memory functioning. Results showed that BFRB patients had decreased P300 oddball effect amplitudes over the right hemisphere compared to the TD and control groups. Clinical groups presented different scalp distributions compared to controls, which could represent a potential endophenotype candidate of BFRB and TD.

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“…Of these initial 29 articles, 5 non-English-language studies (Aguilar & Boehrt, 1983;Araki & Nakai, 1990;Araki & Okuma, 1985;Bados Lopez & Olle, 1984;Cloutier, 1985) were excluded from our review because of difficulties in accessing and translating the articles. In addition, we excluded three case studies (O'Brien & Brennan, 1979;Young & Montano, 1988;Zikis, 1983) and one report that did not provide sufficient information regarding the independent variable or experimental design (O'Connor, Gareau, & Blowers, 1993). In total, 20 studies remained in the database for methodological analysis according to the areas described below.…”

Section: Methods Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habit Reversal Treatment of Tic Disorders

Carr¹,

Chong

2005

Behav Modif

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One of the most commonly reported and successful behavioral interventions for tic disorders is habit reversal (HR). Several narrative literature reviews have adequately summarized the outcomes of these studies. The purpose of this article was to review studies that used HR to treat tics in terms of their methodological characteristics and rigor. Guidelines developed by the Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures were used to evaluate the state of the literature. From an initial database that included 29 studies, 12 were included in the final analysis. Results indicate that although research has been conducted in this area for almost three decades, the majority of studies contain considerable methodological shortcomings. Based on the Task Force guidelines, the existing literature on the use of HR to treat tics can currently be classified as probably efficacious, and it almost meets the criteria for the well-established classification. Directions for future research are discussed.

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Changes in Construals of Tic-Producing Situations following Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome

The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome

P300 Source Localization Contrasts in Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors and Tic Disorders

Habit Reversal Treatment of Tic Disorders

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