Changes in composition of colostrum of Egyptian buffaloes and Holstein cows

Abstract

BackgroundChanges in colostrum composition of Egyptian buffaloes and Holstein cows collected at calving, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h and after 14 days of parturition were studied. Total solids, total protein, whey proteins, fat, lactose and ash contents were determined. Macro- and micro-elements, IgG, IgM, IGF-1, lactoferrin and vitamins (A and E) were also estimated.ResultsAt calving, the total protein and whey proteins concentration did not differ between buffalo and cow colostrum, while total solids, fat, lactose and ash concentrations were higher in buffalo than in cow colostrum. All components decreased gradually as the transition period advanced except lactose which conversely increased. On the fifth day post-partum, concentration of total protein, whey proteins, fat, ash and total solids decreased by 69.39, 91.53, 36.91, 45.58 and 43.85% for buffalo and by 75.99, 94.12, 53.36, 33.59 and 52.26% for cow colostrum. However, lactose concentration increased by 42.45% for buffalo and 57.39% for cow colostrum. The macro-and micro-elements concentration of both colostrums tended to decline slightly toward normality on the fifth day of parturition. Buffalo colostrum had a higher concentration of vitamin E than cow colostrum during the experimental period. At calving, the concentration of vitamin A in buffalo colostrum was found to be approximately 1.50 times lower than in cow colostrum. The concentrations of IgG, IgM, IGF-1 and lactoferrin decreased by 97.90, 97.50, 96.25 and 96.70% for buffalo and 76.96, 74.92, 76.00 and 77.44% for cow colostrum, respectively after five days of parturition.ConclusionsThere is a dramatic change in buffalo and cow colostrum composition from the first milking until the fifth day of parturition. There are differences between buffalo and cow colostrum composition during the five days after calving. The composition of both colostrums approaches to those of normal milk within five days after parturition.

Composition and properties of bovine colostrum: a review

“…Toshiyoshi et al (1982) and Klimes et al (1986) reported low levels of potassium in colostrum at parturition but a gradual increase thereafter. Abd El-Fattah et al (2012) reported that the concentration of potassium in colostrum decreased from 1795 mg.kg −1 at parturition to 650 mg.kg −1 after 14 days, which is significantly lower than that typically found in milk. No particular trends were observed for potassium concentration by Ontsouka et al (2003), Tsioulpas et al (2007) and Jeong et al (2009).…”

“…Several authors have reported increased concentrations of magnesium and sodium in colostrum (Jeong et al 2009;Tsioulpas et al 2007;Abd El-Fattah et al 2012). Unlike for calcium, phosphate, magnesium and sodium, there are variable reports in the literature regarding the concentration of potassium in colostrum.…”

“…Several authors have reported increased concentrations of vitamin A in colostrum (Jensen et al 1999;Debier et al 2005); the concentrations of vitamin A and carotenoids decrease drastically during the first few days of lactation and stabilise after approximately day 5 (Parrish et al 1948;Calderon et al 2007;Abd El-fattah et al 2012).…”

Biological components in a standardized derivative of bovine colostrum

“…This variability may depend on multiple factors, among them the quick fall of the concentration of active components during the hours and days following delivery/ birth and animal breeding (Senda et al, 2011;Abd El-Fattah et al, 2012). Therefore, differential time of collection, methods of collection, and treatment may account for these discrepancies, as products labeled as colostrum have been defined as collected after 12, 24, or 48 h or even 4 to 5 d postparturition.…”

Maternal Behavior Their Adjustments and Implicated Factors

“…In colostrum, the lacteal fluid contains antibodies of immunoglobulin, these proteins are complete and biologically active and growth factors that promote pup developmental [11] [12]. In the other hand, the altricial mammal's species depend from the mother rat to provide warm and protection of predators, the onset of maternal aggression in rodents seems to require both the hormonal changes occurring at the end of pregnancy and the presence of the pups [13].…”