Changes in cognitive functions in a girl with severe acquired hypothyroidism in comparison to the healthy twin sister

Stanisławska–Kubiak, Maia; Majewska, Katarzyna Anna; Kędzia, Andrzej W.; Samborski, Włodzimierz; Ruchała, Marek; Mojs, Ewa

doi:10.5603/ep.a2020.0043

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The data suggest that iron plays a major role during fetal brain development, and intrauterine iron insufficiency may increase the risk for motor-cognitive defects in newborns [6][7][8][9]. The changes in cognitive functions were also previously reported in a twin sister with acquired hypothyroidism in comparison to the healthy one, which seems to suggest the possibility of observing twins and their development in the context of microelements deficiencies [10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Are Twin Pregnancies at Higher Risk for Iron and Calcium Deficiency than Singleton Pregnancies?

Dera-Szymanowska,

Filipowicz,

Misan

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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The aim of this study was to compare the iron and calcium status in singleton and twin pregnancies and to assess whether there is an increased risk for iron and calcium deficiency in twin gestation. The study included 105 singleton and 9 twin pregnancies at or above 35 weeks of gestation. Information on prenatal supplementation with iron or calcium was acquired, and adverse perinatal outcomes were recorded. Biosamples from all 114 mothers and 73 newborns (61 singleton and 12 twin newborns) were finally analyzed. Total iron and calcium concentrations in serum were measured through total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results indicated no significant differences in maternal serum iron and calcium concentrations between singleton and twin pregnancies. Similarly, iron and calcium concentrations in newborn umbilical cord serum samples were not different between singleton and twin pregnancies. The comparison of total iron and calcium between mothers and umbilical cord serum indicated significantly lower concentrations in the mothers, with the differences being not homogenous but rather pair-specific. A significant positive correlation between maternal serum and umbilical cord serum calcium concentration was noticed. Prenatal iron supplementation was associated with higher iron concentrations in both mothers and newborns, supporting the efficiency of supplementation and the quality of the study methods. Collectively, the data indicate no significant differences in serum iron and calcium concentrations with regard to singleton or twin pregnancies and the efficiency of iron supplementation during pregnancy for increasing iron status.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Are Twin Pregnancies at Higher Risk for Iron and Calcium Deficiency than Singleton Pregnancies?

Dera-Szymanowska,

Filipowicz,

Misan

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…Available data support the notion that cognitive decline is associated with type 1 diabetes and that poor metabolic control has a deleterious impact on cognitive functioning, with lower IQ, executive functions, and processing speed (18)(19)(20). Similar to adults, cross-sectional studies in youth with type 1 diabetes have shown lower IQ and deficits in executive functioning, particularly attention, episodic, and spatial working memory and processing speed, compared with control subjects (21)(22)(23). However, longitudinal studies of cognition in youth with type 1 diabetes have previously shown mixed results (24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Cognitive Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of Type 1 Diabetes in the Developing Brain in Children: A Longitudinal Study

et al. 2021

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OBJECTIVE To assess whether previously observed brain and cognitive differences between children with type 1 diabetes and control subjects without diabetes persist, worsen, or improve as children grow into puberty and whether differences are associated with hyperglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS One hundred forty-four children with type 1 diabetes and 72 age-matched control subjects without diabetes (mean ± SD age at baseline 7.0 ± 1.7 years, 46% female) had unsedated MRI and cognitive testing up to four times over 6.4 ± 0.4 (range 5.3–7.8) years; HbA1c and continuous glucose monitoring were done quarterly. FreeSurfer-derived brain volumes and cognitive metrics assessed longitudinally were compared between groups using mixed-effects models at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years. Correlations with glycemia were performed. RESULTS Total brain, gray, and white matter volumes and full-scale and verbal intelligence quotients (IQs) were lower in the diabetes group at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years, with estimated group differences in full-scale IQ of −4.15, −3.81, −3.46, and −3.11, respectively (P < 0.05), and total brain volume differences of −15,410, −21,159, −25,548, and −28,577 mm3 at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years, respectively (P < 0.05). Differences at baseline persisted or increased over time, and brain volumes and cognitive scores negatively correlated with a life-long HbA1c index and higher sensor glucose in diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Detectable changes in brain volumes and cognitive scores persist over time in children with early-onset type 1 diabetes followed longitudinally; these differences are associated with metrics of hyperglycemia. Whether these changes can be reversed with scrupulous diabetes control requires further study. These longitudinal data support the hypothesis that the brain is a target of diabetes complications in young children.

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Changes in cognitive functions in a girl with severe acquired hypothyroidism in comparison to the healthy twin sister

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Are Twin Pregnancies at Higher Risk for Iron and Calcium Deficiency than Singleton Pregnancies?

Are Twin Pregnancies at Higher Risk for Iron and Calcium Deficiency than Singleton Pregnancies?

Impact of Type 1 Diabetes in the Developing Brain in Children: A Longitudinal Study

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