Background
Pediatric cancer-related fatigue is prevalent and significantly impairs health-related quality of life, yet its patterns and correlates are poorly understood. We aimed to describe fatigue prospectively reported by children with advanced cancer, and to identify factors associated with fatigue and associated distress.
Methods
Children (≥2 years) with advanced cancer (N=104) or a parent at three academic hospitals reported their symptoms at most weekly, over nine months, using the computer-based Pediatric Quality of Life Evaluation of Symptoms Technology (PediQUEST) system. PediQUEST administered a modified version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (PQ-MSAS) as part of a randomized controlled trial. Clinical information was abstracted from medical records. Primary outcomes were 1) fatigue prevalence (yes/no response to PQ-MSAS fatigue item) and 2) fatigue distress (composite score of severity, frequency and bother). Multivariable models were constructed to identify factors independently associated with fatigue prevalence and scores reflecting fatigue distress (i.e., burden).
Results
Of 920 reports, 46% (n=425) noted fatigue. When reported, fatigue was of high frequency in 41% (n=174), severity in 25% (n=107) and bother in 34% (n=143). Most reports (84%, n=358) were associated with scores indicating fatigue distress. In multivariable analyses, fatigue was associated with older age, lower hemoglobin and distress from particular symptoms (anorexia, nausea, sleep disturbance, sadness and irritability). In contrast, fatigue distress was associated with distress from nausea, cough and pain.
Conclusions
Fatigue is common among children with advanced cancer, and is often highly distressing. Interventions focused on uncontrolled symptoms may ease fatigue distress in children with advanced cancer.