Changes in cerebrospinal fluid neurochemistry during pregnancy

Altemus, Margaret; Fong, Jill; Yang, Ruirong; Damast, Shari; Luine, Victoria N.; Ferguson, Deveroux

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.002

Cited by 78 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Again there are no reports indicating dietary influence on CSF glutamate levels. A recent study also did not find any effect of weight, height, or BMI on CSF glutamate levels (Altemus et al, 2004). Our control sample was also not sex-matched with the patient sample and although attempt was made at matching age, the mean age of the control sample was significantly higher than the patient sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Glutamatergic Dysfunction in OCD

Chakrabarty

Bhattacharyya

Christopher

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

310

191

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The role of glutamatergic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of OCD has hardly been explored despite recent reports implicating glutamatergic dysfunction in OCD. We decided to investigate CSF glutamate levels in adult OCD probands compared to psychiatrically normal controls. In total, 21 consenting psychotropic drug-naïve adult OCD patients, diagnosed using SCID-IV-CV, and 18 consenting psychiatrically normal controls with age within 10 years of age of the patients, who did not have any history of head injury or neurological illness, were included into the study. Aseptically collected and stored CSF samples obtained from the patients and control subjects were used for glutamate estimation, which was carried out by a modification of the procedure described by Lund (1986). CSF glutamate (mmol/l) level was found to be significantly higher [F(1,31) ¼ 6.846, p ¼ 0.014] in OCD patients (47.1274.25) compared to control subjects (41.3673.63) on analysis of covariance. There was no effect of gender, age, duration of illness, Y-BOCS score, or CGI-S score on CSF glutamate levels. Our study provides preliminary evidence implicating glutamatergic excess in the pathophysiology of OCD, which needs to be further explored by studies from other centers involving larger sample sets from different age groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Glutamatergic Dysfunction in OCD

Chakrabarty

Bhattacharyya

Christopher

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

310

191

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“…It remains unclear whether peripheral OXT or AVP levels represent the central neuropeptide levels and activities. Some studies in pregnant women [51], adult suicide attempters [52], and adult patients undergoing surgical procedures [53] have indicated a lack of correlation between OXT concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, a recent study on children and adult patients have reported a positive correlation of OXT levels between the two compartments and this relationship is stronger when only children are included in the analysis [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Oxytocin and Arginine-Vasopressin Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: Associations with Symptoms

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2016

Neurosci. Bull.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impairments of social interaction and the presence of obsessive behaviors. The ''twin'' nonapeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) are known to play regulatory roles in social behaviors. However, the plasma levels and behavioral relevance of OXT and AVP in children with ASD have seldom been investigated. It is also unknown whether their mothers have abnormal plasma peptide levels. Here, using well-established methods of neuropeptide measurement and a relatively large sample size, we determined the plasma levels of the two neuropeptides in 85 normal children, 84 children with ASD, and 31 mothers from each group of children. As expected, children with ASD had lower plasma OXT levels than gender-matched controls (P = 0.028). No such difference was found for plasma AVP concentrations. Correlation analysis showed that ASD children with higher plasma OXT concentrations tended to have less impairment of verbal communication (Rho = -0.22, P = 0.076), while those with higher plasma AVP levels tended to have lower levels of repetitive use of objects (Rho = -0.231, P = 0.079). Unlike the findings in children, maternal plasma OXT levels showed no group difference. However, plasma AVP levels in the mothers of ASD children tended to be lower than in the mothers of normal children (P = 0.072). In conclusion, our results suggest that the OXT system is dysregulated in children with ASD, and that OXT and AVP levels in plasma seem to be associated with specific autistic symptoms. The plasma levels of OXT or AVP in mothers and their ASD children did not seem to change in the same direction.

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“…Moreover, most human studies rely on plasma OT concentrations for the prediction of behavioral phenotypes, assuming that these peripherally derived measures reflect central OT concentrations. This basic premise has been challenged by studies showing that there is no correlation between plasma and CSF OT concentrations (Altemus et al, 2004; Kagerbauer et al, 2013), but confirmed by others, which found significant between-compartment correlations (Carson et al, 2015). Divergent findings like these, whose clarification is pivotal for advancement of behavioral and psychiatric neuroendocrinology, may partly result from methodological heterogeneity, which leads to an issue of particular concern.…”

Section: Methodological Challenges Future Directions and Translatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin pathways in the intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress

Toepfer

Heim

Entringer

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Severe stress in early life, such as childhood abuse and neglect, constitutes a major risk factor in the etiology of psychiatric disorders and somatic diseases. Importantly, these long-term effects may impact the next generation. The intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress (ELS) may occur via pre-and postnatal pathways, such as alterations in maternal-fetal-placental stress physiology, maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum, as well as impaired mother-offspring interactions. The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has gained considerable attention for its role in modulating all of these assumed transmission pathways. Moreover, central and peripheral OT signaling pathways are highly sensitive to environmental exposures and may be compromised by ELS with implications for these putative transmission mechanisms. Together, these data suggest that OT pathways play an important role in the intergenerational transmission of maternal ELS in humans. By integrating recent studies on gene-environment interactions and epigenetic modifications in OT pathway genes, the present review aims to develop a conceptual framework of intergenerational transmission of maternal ELS that emphasizes the role of OT.

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Changes in cerebrospinal fluid neurochemistry during pregnancy

Cited by 78 publications

References 83 publications

Glutamatergic Dysfunction in OCD

Glutamatergic Dysfunction in OCD

Plasma Oxytocin and Arginine-Vasopressin Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: Associations with Symptoms

Oxytocin pathways in the intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress

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