Changes in cause-specific mortality among the elderly in Canada, 1979–2011

Bergeron-Boucher, Marie-Pier; Bourbeau, Robert; Légaré, Jacques

doi:10.25336/p69w3w

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our results highlight the increased complexity of cause-of-death distributions in low-mortality countries over the last two decades, with most countries experiencing a diversification in causes of deaths. This diversification has been previously hypothesised, given ageing populations and increasing life expectancy, 30 but never rigorously tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…26 28 29 Moreover, as the proportion of deaths from cardiovascular diseases has decreased, evidence from Canada shows that deaths have become increasingly spread across many causes of death in recent years. 30 This suggests that variation across causes of death is increasing. Mortality from a wider variety of causes implies major new challenges for healthcare systems, from primary prevention to diagnostics and to end of life care.…”

Section: What Do the New Findings Imply?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversification in causes of death in low-mortality countries: emerging patterns and implications

2020

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IntroductionAn important role of public health organisations is to monitor indicators of variation, so as to disclose underlying inequality in health improvement. In industrialised societies, more individuals than ever are reaching older ages and have become more homogeneous in their age at death. This has led to a decrease in lifespan variation, with substantial implications for the reduction of health inequalities. We focus on a new form of variation to shed further light on our understanding of population health and ageing: variation in causes of death.MethodsData from the WHO Mortality Database and the Human Mortality Database are used to estimate cause-of-death distributions and life tables in 15 low-mortality countries. Cause-of-death variation, using 19 groups of causes, is quantified using entropy measures and analysed from 1994 to 2017.ResultsThe last two decades have seen increasing diversity in causes of death in low-mortality countries. There have been important reductions in the share of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system, while the share of a range of other causes, such as diseases of the genitourinary system, mental and behavioural disorders, and diseases of the nervous system, has been increasing, leading to a more complex cause-of-death distribution.ConclusionsThe diversification in causes of death witnessed in recent decades is most likely a result of the increase in life expectancy, together with better diagnoses and awareness of certain diseases. Such emerging patterns bring additional challenges to healthcare systems, such as the need to research, monitor and treat a wider range of diseases. It also raises new questions concerning the distribution of health resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: What Do the New Findings Imply?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification in causes of death in low-mortality countries: emerging patterns and implications

2020

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“…Pathological conditions resulting in patients' death are extremely diverse and they vary both in time and across countries [22][23][24]. Thus, pathological conditions causing death became more numerous and diversified in the last decades, with a decrease of cardiovascular diseases and their replacement as leading cause of death by the neoplasms in some countries [23,[25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section:  Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the aortic tunica media histological changes in relation with the cause of death

Şeicaru,

Liţescu,

Gherghiceanu

et al. 2023

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Aim: The authors set out to evaluate the correlations between three of the main morphological aortic parameters (elastic fibers – FE, collagen fibers – FCOL, and smooth muscle fibers – FM) and the cause of death. Materials and Methods: Study groups included 25 cases died of a vascular disease (V_P), 37 cases died of a non-vascular disease (NV_P) and 28 cases died of a violent/suspect non-pathological cause of death (V_Dth), the latter group representing also the control group. Four aortic cross-sections (base, arch, thoracic, and abdominal regions) were collected during autopsy from the selected cases, fixed in 10% buffered formalin and first of all photographed together with a calibrating ruler. Then, they were embedded in paraffin, sectioned off at 4 μm and stained with Hematoxylin–Eosin (HE) and Orcein. The obtained histological slides were transformed into virtual slides. Fibrillary components amounts were using a custom-made software, developed in MATLAB (MathWorks, USA). Statistical tools used were Pearson’s correlation test, t-test (two-sample assuming equal variances) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results and Discussions: The amounts of the three fibrillary components of the aortic tunica media had a synchronous variation in all aortic regions in each of the three groups, excepting FCOL in the group of patients died from vascular pathology, which presented only a trend of synchronous variation along the aorta. FE had their lowest values and FCOL had their highest values in patients died from vascular pathology. FCOL had always higher levels than FE in people died from any pathological condition, vascular or non-vascular. FM had always at least two times lower level than that of the other types of fibers, regardless of whether the person died due to a pathological condition or not. Conclusions: The different pathological conditions causing death are influencing the fibrillary composition of aortic tunica media. Further studies are required to reveal other changes in the morphology of aortic wall in particular and vascular wall in general that could be related with different pathological conditions affecting the entire organism.

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“…As rates of mortality associated with the most prevalent causes of death have reduced, there has been a prevailing trend towards a more even distribution of deaths across mortality causes ( Bergeron-Boucher et al, 2017 ; Gregg et al, 2018 ). In other words, the causes of mortality within the population have diversified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the diversity of mortality causes and age-standardised mortality rates among subpopulations within Scotland, 2001–2019

McMonagle

Brown

Reeve

et al. 2022

SSM - Population Health

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Changes in cause-specific mortality among the elderly in Canada, 1979–2011

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Diversification in causes of death in low-mortality countries: emerging patterns and implications

Diversification in causes of death in low-mortality countries: emerging patterns and implications

Assessment of the aortic tunica media histological changes in relation with the cause of death

Trends in the diversity of mortality causes and age-standardised mortality rates among subpopulations within Scotland, 2001–2019

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