Changes in both size and cytological features of thyroid nodule after levothyroxine treatment

Vermiglio, Francesco; Presti, Vincenzo Pio Lo; Violi, Maria Antonia; Moleti, Mariacarla; Castagna, Maria Grazia; Finocchiaro, M; Mattina, Filiberto; Mandolfino, M.; Zimbaro, G; Trimarchi, Francesco

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01854.x

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The role of serum TSH concentrations has also been extensively evaluated in thyroid nodules with a number of studies indicating a reduction in the rate of growth and prevention of new nodule formation in patients undergoing TSH suppression (Papini et al 1998, Zelmanovitz et al 1998, Vermiglio et al 2003, Gharib 2004. In addition, suppressive doses of L-T 4 may induce beneficial cytological changes in thyroid nodules (Vermiglio et al 2003).…”

Section: The Tsh Receptor In Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between serum TSH concentration and thyroid cancer

Boelaert

2009

Endocrine-Related Cancer

124

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There is mounting evidence that the serum concentration of TSH is an independent predictor for the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy in patients with nodular thyroid disease. Furthermore, preoperative serum TSH concentrations are higher in patients with more aggressive tumours, suggesting a potential role for TSH in the progression of differentiated thyroid cancer. Based on these observations, patients with higher serum TSH concentrations and borderline cytological results may require more aggressive investigation and treatment when compared with those with lower baseline TSH levels. The mechanisms underlying the finding of higher serum TSH in patients with thyroid cancer remain unexplained. In this issue of Endocrine-Related Cancer, Fiore et al. have analysed the relationship between serum TSH and diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer in 10 178 patients with nodular thyroid disease who were investigated by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. They found significantly higher TSH concentrations in patients who were subsequently diagnosed with thyroid cancer compared with those with benign disease. In addition, they found that the development of autonomous thyroid function (TSH!0.4 mU/ml) was associated with a reduction in the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma. In this commentary, the evidence regarding the association between serum TSH and thyroid cancer is discussed placing these new findings into context.

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Section: The Tsh Receptor In Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, suppressive doses of L-T 4 may induce beneficial cytological changes in thyroid nodules (Vermiglio et al 2003).…”

Section: The Tsh Receptor In Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between serum TSH concentration and thyroid cancer

Boelaert

2009

Endocrine-Related Cancer

124

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“…However, a 1-year follow-up has been used by some to follow the volume of thyroid nodules during L-thyroxine suppressive therapy. 27,28 It is therefore possible that the 1-year follow-up of our participants would be sufficient to detect any potential effects of estrogens on the volume of the thyroid gland and thyroid nodules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of estrogen therapy for 1 year on thyroid volume and thyroid nodules in postmenopausal women

Ceresini¹,

Milli²,

Morganti³

et al. 2008

Menopause

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“…The difference in maximum nodule diameter was arbitrarily defined as a variation in a measurement of at least 10% compared to baseline. This cutoff was chosen as it roughly corresponded to a 30% volume modification in an ideal sphere with the maximum nodule diameter, a cutoff value frequently used in other studies [4,9,10]. A minimum 10% variation in the smallest nodule included (1 cm) seems, moreover, to approximate the average resolution limit of ultrasound imaging.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levothyroxine Treatment in Pediatric Benign Thyroid Nodules

et al. 2010

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Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of levothyroxine therapy in benign thyroid nodules in pediatrics. Methods: Data from 78 euthyroid children and adolescents with benign thyroid nodules were retrospectively collected. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: levothyroxine treated (n = 36) and nontreated (n = 42), and the clinical, laboratory and sonographic features of the 2 groups were compared. Nodules were considered benign according to histology, fine-needle aspiration biopsy or by features suggestive for benignity. The groups were followed up for 2.4 ± 1.3 years, and treated patients received a mean dose of levothyroxine of 1.69 ± 0.66 µg/kg/day. Results: Patients in the treated and nontreated groups were comparable for age, sex and follow-up. A reduction in nodule diameter from 2.24 ± 0.94 to 1.86 ± 1.17 cm (p = 0.039) was observed in treated patients, whereas the nodule diameter increased from 1.66 ± 0.86 to 1.78 ± 0.91 cm in nontreated patients (p = 0.024). In the treatment group, 11 patients (30.6%) had a reduction greater than 50% and significantly decreased palpable nodules (p < 0.001). A nonsignificant reduction in reported symptoms was observed, too. The change in nodule size was directly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (r = 0.640, p < 0.001) and inversely with levothyroxine dose (r = –0.389, p = 0.009). In nontreated subjects, both palpable nodules and symptoms increased. Conclusion: This study supports levothyroxine treatment effectiveness in shrinking benign nodules.

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Changes in both size and cytological features of thyroid nodule after levothyroxine treatment

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

The association between serum TSH concentration and thyroid cancer

The association between serum TSH concentration and thyroid cancer

Effect of estrogen therapy for 1 year on thyroid volume and thyroid nodules in postmenopausal women

Levothyroxine Treatment in Pediatric Benign Thyroid Nodules

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