Changes in body mass index, weight, and waist-to-hip ratio over five years in HIV-positive individuals in the HIV Heart Aging Study compared to the general population

Abstract

Purpose: Overweight and obesity have increased in people living with HIV (PLH). Our study evaluated weight, body-mass-index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) change over 5 years of follow-up in PLH compared to the general population. Methods: HIV-positive participants in the HIV Heart Aging (HIVH) study were matched 1:2 by age and sex with HIV-negative controls of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall (HNR) study. Both studies were recruited in the German Ruhr area. The association between HIV and weight, BMI, and WHR changes were examined using linear regression. Regression models were adjusted for parameters potentially affecting weight gain. Results: The matched HIVH and HNR participants (N = 585 and N = 1170, respectively; 14.7% females) had a mean age of 55 years at baseline. Despite the lower baseline weight (6 kg, 95%-CI: -7.46 to -4.59), the linear regression showed greater absolute and relative weight and BMI increases within 5 years in HIVH compared to HNR. Adjusting the linear regression models for smoking amplified that HIVH had a higher absolute and relative weight difference of 0.7 kg or ~ 1% compared to HNR within 5 years (95% Cl: 0.1 to 1.3 and 0.2 to 1.6, respectively). Adjusting for HDL, LDL, systolic blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus did not affect the results. Conclusions: PLH had lower weight than the general population at baseline and after 5 years, but experienced greater increases in body weight after 5 years. WHR change after 5 years was lower in PLH compared to the general population, despite a higher WHR at baseline.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…Increasing age and higher BMI were the only risk factors independently associated with MetS similar to several other studies conducted in high and LMICs (26,27). In this study, the prevalence of MetS was also found to increase with age with the highest odds among those aged >50.…”

Anthropometric Indicators Are Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Measured by Framingham Risk Score in Men Living With Hiv, but Not in Women.

“…Although previous studies have evaluated the use of anthropometric indicators in the general population and in PLHIV 8, 14,21,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] , no study has addressed a large number of anthropometric indicators at the same study in the HIV population and tested their association with cardiovascular risk. Thus, the objective of this study was to test the association of eleven anthropometric indicators with cardiovascular risk in PLHIV.…”