Changes in body composition during pregnancy and lactation

Robinson, John J.

doi:10.1079/pns19860037

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Secondly, in situations of lipomobilisation, the intracellular fat is partially substituted by water (Ferrell and Jenkins, 1984;Robinson, 1986;Chestnutt, 1987) and fat is predominantly used for the mobilisation of body energy (Gibb et al, 1992). Thirdly, several authors noticed that cows in negative energy balance can realise a protein retention (Tamminga et al, 1997;Sutter and Beever, 2000) combined with a water retention at a ratio of 1 : 3.4 (Tamminga et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of feed intake and energy balance of high-yielding first lactating Holstein cows with fixed and random regression models

Hüttmann

Stamer²,

Junge

et al. 2009

Animal

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At the dairy research farm Karkendamm, the individual roughage intake was measured since 1 September 2005 using a computerised scale system to estimate daily energy balances as the difference between energy intake and calculated energy requirements for lactation and maintenance. Data of 289 heifers with observations between the 11th and 180th day of lactation over a period of 487 days were analysed. Average energy-corrected milk yield, feed intake, live weight and energy balance were 31.8 kg, 20.6 kg, 584 kg and 13.6 MJ NEL (net energy lactation), respectively, per day. Fixed and random regression models were used to estimate repeatabilities, correlations between cow effects and genetic parameters. The resulting genetic correlations in different lactation stages demonstrate that feed intake and energy balance at the beginning and the middle of lactation are genetically different traits. Heritability of feed intake is low with h 2 50.06 during the first days after parturition and increases in the middle of lactation, whereas the energy balance shows the highest heritability with h 2 50.34 in the first 30 days of lactation. Genetic correlations between energy balance and feed intake and milk yield, respectively, illustrate that energy balance depends more on feed intake than on milk yield. Genetic correlation between body condition score and energy balance decreases rapidly within the first 100 days of lactation. Hence, to avoid negative effects on health and reproduction as consequences of strong energy deficits at the beginning of lactation, the energy balance itself should be measured and used as a selection criterion in this lactation stage. Since the number of animals is rather small for a genetic analysis, the genetic parameters have to be evaluated on a more comprehensive dataset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of feed intake and energy balance of high-yielding first lactating Holstein cows with fixed and random regression models

Hüttmann

Stamer²,

Junge

et al. 2009

Animal

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“…The correlation coefficient for the relationship was significant when animals were not supplemented (r = 0.94; PO.05) and not significant (r = 0.55; P>0.05) when they were supplemented. In this regard, it should be noted that there are inherent dangers in relying on LW or indeed BCS targets during pregnancy as indices of adequate nutrition (Robinson, 1986). Furthermore, mobilizations of tissues over the second and third months of gestation were not reflected in any significant differences in the growth and development of the foetus (birth weight, chemical composition, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is broadly accepted that sheep undernutrition over gestation may affect foetal growth and development, despite the ability of the mothers to buffer deleterious influences on foetal growth (Robinson, 1977(Robinson, , 1986(Robinson, , 1990Lopez and Robinson, 1994). Little is known, however, about the effect of nutrition during mid-pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed supplementation of grazing Merino ewes during mid-pregnancy: effect on changes in body composition and on the <i>conceptus</i>

Frutos¹,

Buratovich²,

Giráldez³

et al. 1999

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Twenty pregnant Merino ewes grazed a ryegrass pasture and were offered either no supplement or 500 g/head/day of a concentrate supplement from days 30 to 90 of pregnancy. After that date, all ewes were supplemented. Maternal carcass and "non-carcass" components, uterine walls, foetus and placentas plus cotyledons were chemically analysed. At day 90, there was no significant difference between supplemented and non-supplemented animals in the mobilization of body reserves. However, from day 91 to 140, a significant effect of the previous nutritional regime was observed. Body condition score on day 30 accounted for most of the fat mobilization from days 30 to 90. Nevertheless, these mobilizations were not reflected in any significant difference in the birthweight and chemical composition of the foetus. Merino grazing sheep hence are able to compensate for feed restriction during mid-pregnancy, through the mobilization of body reserves, avoiding any influence on the foetus.

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“…Para introduzir a discussão sobre mudanças na composição corporal no período reprodutivo, e em especial durante a lactação, é oportuno apresentar os postulados sugeridos por Robinson (1986). Segundo esse autor, as mudanças que ocorrem na composição corporal caracterizam-se, em primeiro lugar, pela diversidade.…”

Section: Lactaçãounclassified

“…Sem a pretensão de esgotar o assunto, que na realidade mantém-se em franca evolução, observa-se que os postulados de Robinson (1986) sobre mudanças na composição corporal durante a reprodução aplicam-se às mulheres durante a lactação. Mudanças no peso corpóreo e na massa adiposa impostos pela carga metabólica da lactação são altamente variáveis entre populações.…”

Section: Lactaçãounclassified

Fatores determinantes da retenção de peso no pós-parto: uma revisão da literatura

Kac

2001

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Changes in body composition during pregnancy and lactation

Abstract: A B 2 9SBChanges in the maternal body during reproduction are characterized by their diversity and this holds true for comparisons within as well as between species.

Cited by 57 publications

References 54 publications

Analysis of feed intake and energy balance of high-yielding first lactating Holstein cows with fixed and random regression models

Analysis of feed intake and energy balance of high-yielding first lactating Holstein cows with fixed and random regression models

Feed supplementation of grazing Merino ewes during mid-pregnancy: effect on changes in body composition and on the <i>conceptus</i>

Fatores determinantes da retenção de peso no pós-parto: uma revisão da literatura

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