Changes in blood–spinal cord barrier permeability and neuroimmune interactions in the underlying mechanisms of chronic pain

Montague-Cardoso, Karli; Malcangio, Marzia

doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000000879

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(85 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An overview of these structural/functional changes is given in Increased paracellular permeability increases free diffusion between CNS and blood. This allows harmful compounds and peptides into the CNS AD [118], cerebral small vessel disease [119], stroke [120], epilepsy [121], peripheral and CNS infections [122], brain tumours [123], Parkinson's disease [124], multiple sclerosis [120], Huntington's disease [124], amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [125], schizophrenia [124], chronic pain [126],…”

Section: In Vivo Imaging Techniques Of the Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo methods for imaging blood–brain barrier function and dysfunction

Harris

Asselin

Hinz

et al. 2022

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is the interface between the central nervous system and systemic circulation. It tightly regulates what enters and is removed from the brain parenchyma and is fundamental in maintaining brain homeostasis. Increasingly, the BBB is recognised as having a significant role in numerous neurological disorders, ranging from acute disorders (traumatic brain injury, stroke, seizures) to chronic neurodegeneration (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, small vessel disease). Numerous approaches have been developed to study the BBB in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. The complex multicellular structure and effects of disease are difficult to recreate accurately in vitro, and functional aspects of the BBB cannot be easily studied ex vivo. As such, the value of in vivo methods to study the intact BBB cannot be overstated. This review discusses the structure and function of the BBB and how these are affected in diseases. It then discusses in depth several established and novel methods for imaging the BBB in vivo, with a focus on MRI, nuclear imaging, and high-resolution intravital fluorescence microscopy.

show abstract

Section: In Vivo Imaging Techniques Of the Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo methods for imaging blood–brain barrier function and dysfunction

Harris

Asselin

Hinz

et al. 2022

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…macrophage infiltration) and/or elevated vascular leakiness (e.g. increased penetration of IgG or fluorescent tracers), physiological processes that are underpinned by molecular alterations of the cellular composition and architectural changes in the microvessels within the spinal cord [10][11][12]15]. Experimental approaches to date typically rely upon inherently time locked studies, which only provides a snapshot of the systems in play in relation to vessel function though offering inights into the concept of increased vascular permeability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically these studies have investigated a breakdown in the integrity in the endothelium that subsequently leads to increased levels of vascular permeability [9] and tissue penetrance of invading cell types [11]. This arises due to decreases in endothelial cell production of junction proteins and/or secretion of enzymatic proteases from infiltrating and/or resident cell types that can breakdown these junctional proteins enabling cell infiltration [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying spinal cord vascular permeability in the mouse using intravital imaging

Arkill

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory perception and motor dexterity is coordinated by in part distinct anatomical centres in the spinal cord. Importantly the spinal cord is the first modulatory relay hub for coordinating sensory and motor inputs to allow control of an organisms response to a sensory experience and to orientate proprioceptive outputs. This is whilst communicating with higher centres within the brain to undertake greater complex neurophysiological function such as pain perception. This begins to outline the complexity of the nervous system communication. To allow this integral system to function efficiently neuronal homeostasis needs to be maintained with energy expenditure matched by proficient delivery of nutrients. This factor introduces the vascular system that extensively interacts in a multifaceted manner with differing aspects of the nervous system. Part of this multi-factoral interaction is through the heterogenic cellular makeup of the vascular network that delivers and modulates the molecular transport of such nutrients to spinal cord tissues, but also controlling penetration and migration of harmful pathogens and agents. Therefore the spinal cord is susceptible to any alterations in the microvessel integrity (e.g. vascular leakage) and/or function (e.g. cessated blood flow) of this vascular network, which principally occurs in times of pathology. Typically investigations into microvessel function have utilised histological and/or tracer based in-vivo assays. Methodologies such as evans blue extravasation have been used inconjunction with in-vitro cell biology assays such as transwell assays to determine microvessel integrity or function that only provides snapshots of developing vasculopathy. Adopting in-vivo imaging approaches, allow for real time functional measurements of the ongoing physiological function within the spinal cord, providing direct measurement of the vascular processes in play, including vascular architecture, blood flow and/or permeability. This technique in mouse allow for direct visualisation of cellular and/or mechanistic influence upon vascular function through utilising disease, transgenic and/or viral approaches. This combination of attributes allows for in depth real time understanding of the function of the vascular network within the spinal cord.

show abstract

“…One of the biggest challenges in treating SCIs remains the blood-spinal cord barrier. This physical barrier between the blood and spinal cord parenchyma prevents toxins, blood cells, and pathogens from entering, and the spinal cord becomes an obstacle for therapeutic agents' delivery to the injured site [30,31]. This issue can be solved by opening this barrier through various modalities (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound [32], miRNA-125a-5p silencing [33]) or by creating smart medicines able to penetrate it.…”

Section: Delivery Nanosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Strategies for Spinal Cord Regeneration

Costăchescu

Niculescu

Dabija

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating lesions, as it can damage the continuity and conductivity of the central nervous system, resulting in complex pathophysiology. Encouraged by the advances in nanotechnology, stem cell biology, and materials science, researchers have proposed various interdisciplinary approaches for spinal cord regeneration. In this respect, the present review aims to explore the most recent developments in SCI treatment and spinal cord repair. Specifically, it briefly describes the characteristics of SCIs, followed by an extensive discussion on newly developed nanocarriers (e.g., metal-based, polymer-based, liposomes) for spinal cord delivery, relevant biomolecules (e.g., growth factors, exosomes) for SCI treatment, innovative cell therapies, and novel natural and synthetic biomaterial scaffolds for spinal cord regeneration.

show abstract

Changes in blood–spinal cord barrier permeability and neuroimmune interactions in the underlying mechanisms of chronic pain

Abstract: Here, we discuss evidence for changes in blood–spinal cord barrier permeability and consider the possibility of associated neuroimmune communication changes in models of chronic pain.

Cited by 22 publications

References 61 publications

In vivo methods for imaging blood–brain barrier function and dysfunction

In vivo methods for imaging blood–brain barrier function and dysfunction

Quantifying spinal cord vascular permeability in the mouse using intravital imaging

Novel Strategies for Spinal Cord Regeneration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About