Changes In Blood Neurotransmitter And Steroid Levels During Evoked Vertigo

Dagilas, A; Kimiskidis, Vasilios Κ.; Aggelopoulou, M; Kapaki, Elisabeth; Fitili, Christina; Libitaki, Georgia; Papagiannopoulos, Sotirios; Kazis, Dimitrios; Kazis, A.; Aidonis, A

doi:10.1097/01.mao.0000169785.15083.28

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, we demonstrated that the air CVT, a useful medical examination procedure that assesses the horizontal semicircular canal function of each labyrinth and is severe enough to provoke nystagmus and dizziness, is a powerful activator of the HPA axis, a finding that aligns with previous observations made by Dagilas and coworkers [ 29 ], who demonstrated a large increase in cortisol levels after the air CVT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Given the potential interaction between the vestibular and autonomic pathways, this finding could be explained by the reduction in the SAM system activity following vestibular stimulation [ 30 ]. Several clinical observations and animal studies have suggested a link between vestibular and autonomic systems [ 12 , 29 , 31 , 32 ]. The nature of these interactions, however, is complex and has not been fully defined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct activation of the sympathetic adreno-medullar system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis following the caloric vestibular test in healthy subjects

et al. 2018

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IntroductionThe vestibular acute stress induces reversible alert-like reactions that involve the sympathetic adrenal-medullar system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses. The present study aimed to evaluate salivary α-amylase and salivary cortisol production in relation with cardiovascular reactivity induced by acute stress in healthy subjects.Material and methodsForty-eight young healthy male volunteers were examined under basal conditions and at various times after reaching the maximal nystagmic reaction following air caloric vestibular test. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were recorded at the same time as measurement of the salivary α-amylase and salivary cortisol. At the end of the caloric vestibular test session, perceived stress scale questionnaires were administered to measure the self-perceived stress impact induced by the task, and individual scores were compared with those measured on the enrollment day.ResultsFollowing caloric vestibular test-evoked vertigo, salivary α-amylase and cortisol showed distinct trends in their production after acute stress: Student’s t-test was used to compare the α-amylase vs cortisol slopes of the respective interpolated regression lines, and the difference was significant (t = -3.283; p<0.001); an increase in salivary cortisol production corresponded with a decrease in the salivary α-amylase concentration. In addition, salivary biomarker modifications were associated with consistent changes in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure.ConclusionsUsing the air caloric vestibular test task as a stressor, the present study demonstrated a connection between the acute hormonal stress response to vestibular stimulation and cardiovascular output. However, further research is needed before we can define the potential importance of the consistent cardiovascular activity changes evoked by vestibular stimulation and the possible functional consequences for cardiovascular regulation and orthostatic tolerance in humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct activation of the sympathetic adreno-medullar system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis following the caloric vestibular test in healthy subjects

et al. 2018

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“…Several studies of UVD and BVD in rats and guinea pigs have found no long-term changes in either glucocorticoid levels or their receptors (Gliddon et al, 2003;Lindsay et al, 2005;Russell et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2005Zhang et al, , 2008. Vertigo artificially induced in control subjects by caloric irrigation of the external auditory canal has been shown to cause an increase in cortisol levels (Daglias et al, 2005); however, it is unknown whether this has any effect on cognition.…”

Section: Why Should Manipulation Of the Vestibular System Have Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Move it or lose it—Is stimulation of the vestibular system necessary for normal spatial memory?

2009

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Studies in both experimental animals and human patients have demonstrated that peripheral vestibular lesions, especially bilateral lesions, are associated with spatial memory impairment that is long-lasting and may even be permanent. Electrophysiological evidence from animals indicates that bilateral vestibular loss causes place cells and theta activity to become dysfunctional; the most recent human evidence suggests that the hippocampus may cause atrophy in patients with bilateral vestibular lesions. Taken together, these studies suggest that self-motion information provided by the vestibular system is important for the development of spatial memory by areas of the brain such as the hippocampus, and when it is lost, spatial memory is impaired. This naturally suggests the converse possibility that activation of the vestibular system may enhance memory. Surprisingly, there is some human evidence that this may be the case. This review considers the relationship between the vestibular system and memory and suggests that the evolutionary age of this primitive sensory system as well as how it detects self-motion (i.e., detection of acceleration vs. velocity) may be the reasons for its unique contribution to spatial memory.

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“…Dagilas et al (2005) investigated the stress response evoked by vestibular stimulation in healthy volunteers by measuring serum cortisol levels at the point of maximal nystagmus while undergoing caloric stimulation. Cortisol levels were found to be significantly elevated above resting levels, while the serum concentrations of glutamate, glycine, and GABA were reduced (Dagilas et al, 2005).…”

Section: Stress and Vestibular Compensation In Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol levels were found to be significantly elevated above resting levels, while the serum concentrations of glutamate, glycine, and GABA were reduced (Dagilas et al, 2005). In a preceding detailed study, Kohl (1985) demonstrated that cross-angular rotatory vestibular stimulation potently stimulated ACTH, noradrenaline, and adrenaline secretion, in a pattern consistent with a vestibular-evoked stress response.…”

Section: Stress and Vestibular Compensation In Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Stress and Vestibular Compensation – A Review

Saman¹,

Bamiou²,

Gleeson³

et al. 2012

Front. Neur.

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Elevated levels of stress and anxiety often accompany vestibular dysfunction, while conversely complaints of dizziness and loss of balance are common in patients with panic and other anxiety disorders. The interactions between stress and vestibular function have been investigated both in animal models and in clinical studies. Evidence from animal studies indicates that vestibular symptoms are effective in activating the stress axis, and that the acute stress response is important in promoting compensatory synaptic and neuronal plasticity in the vestibular system and cerebellum. The role of stress in human vestibular disorders is complex, and definitive evidence is lacking. This article reviews the evidence from animal and clinical studies with a focus on the effects of stress on the central vestibular pathways and their role in the pathogenesis and management of human vestibular disorders.

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Changes In Blood Neurotransmitter And Steroid Levels During Evoked Vertigo

Abstract: Evoked vertigo is consistently associated with an increase in steroid serum levels and accompanying decreases in the plasma levels of glutamate, aspartate, and GABA. The possible underlying mechanisms and the functional significance of these findings are discussed.

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Distinct activation of the sympathetic adreno-medullar system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis following the caloric vestibular test in healthy subjects

Distinct activation of the sympathetic adreno-medullar system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis following the caloric vestibular test in healthy subjects

Move it or lose it—Is stimulation of the vestibular system necessary for normal spatial memory?

Interactions between Stress and Vestibular Compensation – A Review

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