Changes in arterial stiffness after eccentric versus concentric cycling

Abstract

This study compared changes in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) after concentric (CON) versus eccentric (ECC) cycling. It was hypothesized that baPWV would increase after the first ECC bout (ECC1) because of muscle damage, but not after the second ECC bout (ECC2), and would decrease after CON. Fifteen young (aged 20–30 years) men performed 2 bouts of 30-min ECC (ECC1 and ECC2) at 60% of maximal CON power output and 2 bouts of 30-min CON at the same intensity as that of ECC (CON1), and at the same oxygen consumption as that of ECC (CON2) every 2 weeks. Oxygen uptake during the cycling was recorded, and baPWV was measured before and at 0.5, 1, 24, and 48 h after each cycling bout. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque and muscle soreness of the knee extensors were assessed before and at 24 and 48 h after each cycling bout. Changes in these variables over time were compared among the 4 cycling bouts by 2-way repeated-measured ANOVA. baPWV decreased (P < 0.05) 8% from the baseline (1119 ± 116 cm/s) at 0.5 h after CON1 (1028 ± 126 cm/s), but no significant changes were evident after ECC1, ECC2, and CON2. MVC torque decreased 10% from the baseline at 24 h after ECC1, but no significant changes were evident after CON1, CON2, and ECC2. These results did not support the hypothesis, and suggest that minor muscle damage induced by eccentric cycling does not affect arterial stiffness.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Does Not Accelerate Recovery after a Change of Direction Sprinting Exercise Protocol

“…Therefore, despite the elevation in muscle damage and inflammatory biomarkers, there was not a deterioration of vascular health after a COD sprinting exercise. Comparing different modalities of eccentric-based exercise, studies have demonstrated an increase in arterial stiffness after downhill running [ 53 ] and no changes after eccentric cycling [ 54 ], which is contrary to the results of the current study. Moreover, a previous meta-analysis comparing resistance and endurance exercise demonstrated a greater increase in arterial stiffness after resistance exercise [ 55 ].…”

Acute Effects of Different Intensities of Cycling Acute Exercise on Carotid Arterial Apparent Elasticity and Hemodynamic Variables

“…Acute exercise intervention can induce transient changes in arterial function and structure. With different exercise types and intensities, exercise may have different or even opposite effects on the arterial elastic function [ 20 ]. Higher arterial stiffness and elastic modulus mean worse arterial elastic function.…”

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in transgender men

“…The sample size was determined using G*Power (version 3.1.9.7; Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany). The primary endpoint under investigation was baPWV, and the potential variation in baPWV over time (Pre, Post30, Post60) among the three groups (TM, men, women) was calculated for statistical power using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with an estimated effect size of 0.25, α = 0.05, β = 0.8, consistent with previous studies (Okamoto et al, 2019). A minimum of 12 participants were included in the study in each group.…”

“…The participants rested supine in the room for 30 min, after which the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), brachial BP and heart rate (HR) were measured (PWV/ABI form: Omron Colin Co., Kyoto, Japan). Using the baPWV method, BP measurement cuffs wrapped around both the upper arms and ankles were inflated at low pressure (50 mmHg), and measurements were made using a volume pulse wave (Okamoto et al, 2019). Taken as the result for the right upper arm.…”