Changes in antibiotic resistance in equine bacterial ulcerative keratitis (1991–2000): 65 horses

Šauer, Pavel; Andrew, Stacy E.; Lassaline, Mary; Gelatt, Kirk N.; Denis, H. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2003.00312.x

Cited by 75 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Pseudomonas spp. is a gram-negative bacillus, considered as one of the most virulent pathogens of the cornea, with a prevalence between 6 and 14% among the microorganisms identified in corneal ulcers of horses (SAUER et al, 2003;KELLER & HENDRIX, 2005;WADA et al, 2010;WADA et al, 2010). As expected, this genus was not isolated in the present study; although, it was previously identified in the eyes of horses without ophthalmic problems (ANDREW et al, 2003;VIDAL et al, 2010;JOHNS et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…were identified here, and previously isolated in horses with and without ocular pathologies (KELLER & HENDRIX, 2003;ANDREW et al, 2003;JOHNS et al, 2011;TAMARZADEH & ARAGHI-SOOREH, 2014). Both Streptococcus and Serratia are commensal microorganisms of the ocular conjunctiva of horses, but can become pathogenic and trigger diseases when colonizing wounds (SAUER et al, 2003;VIDAL et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plates were incubated for 24h in an incubator, and growth inhibition around each disk was then analyzed, classifying the bacteria as sensitive, intermediate or resistant to the antibiotic. The criteria for the choice of antimicrobials testes were based on the active principles most frequently used in the ophthalmic routine of horses in the Federal District, in addition, topical gentamicin and chloramphenicol are the antibiotics indicated for the preventive treatment of corneal ulcers in horses (SAUER et al, 2003;WADA et al, 2010;JOHNS et al, 2011), with chloramphenicol being still effective against strains of MRS, an emerging infection among equines (KURODA et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ferreira et al Knowledge of the eye microflora of healthy horses allows us to establish a suitable antimicrobial therapy, which can be modified after obtaining the results of sensitivity tests, thereby reducing the development of antibiotic-resistant strains (SAUER et al, 2003;KELLER & HENDRIX, 2005;TAMARZADEH & ARAGHI-SOOREH, 2014). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the conjunctival bacterial flora of healthy horses in Brasília (Distrito FederalBrazil), and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains isolated to four antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity from the ocular conjunctiva of horses

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity from the ocular conjunctiva of horses

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Few studies are available on the development of antibiotic resistance of bacteria in horses. Sauer et al (2003) described an increased resistance to antibiotics in bacteria causing ulcerous keratitis in horses from 1991 to 2000. However, more frequent are studies which compare their results on antibiotic resistance with those published previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of bacterial pathogens in equine uterine swabs, their antibiotic resistance patterns, and selected reproductive indices in English thoroughbred mares during the foal heat cycle

Benko¹,

Boldižár²,

Novotný³

et al. 2015

Vet. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fertility problems of mares on a well-managed breeding farm with thoroughbred stallions have been ascribed mostly to contamination of the reproductive apparatus of females with pathogens, particularly those of bacterial origin. This study presents a summary of the frequency of bacterial pathogens isolated from 437 cervical swabs which were collected from English thoroughbred mares intended for mating between 2008-2014, as well as of resistance tests of these pathogens to seven commonly used antibiotics as follows: penicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, cefotaxime, marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin. In addition, the study reports the changes in the levels of plasma oestradiol and progesterone determined two to three days before and two to three days after the first postpartum ovulation in mares with positive and dubious bacteriological findings and percentage of barren mares and mares that conceived at first, second and third post-partum ovulations. It was observed that 21.5% of mares were barren even after the third post-partum cycles. The oestradiol levels determined two to three days before the first post-partum ovulation were significantly lower in mares positive for pathogenic microflora in their reproductive apparatus compared to mares with the dubious findings (25.1 ± 5.8 pg/ml vs. 69.7 ± 18.3 pg/ml; P < 0.05), while the mean progesterone levels did not differ significantly but displayed a rather wide range in positive mares (from 0.08 to 1.38 ng/ml) compared to dubious mares with only small variations (0.12 ± 0.03 ng/ml). Moreover, of the total number of cervical swabs taken shortly before the first post-partum oestrus from all the mares intended for mating as many as 69.7% were contaminated with pathogenic microflora (positive findings). Saprophytic microorganisms only (the dubious findings) were isolated from 29.7% of swabs. From the 307 positive swabs, we could identify 40.4% positive for β-haemolytic streptococci and 20.4% positive for Escherichia coli, the pathogens implicated in causing reproductive disorders. Tests of antibiotic resistance of the investigated pathogens revealed that both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed high susceptibility to antibiotics such as cefotaxime, marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin. On the other hand, both these bacterial groups showed high resistance to routinely used broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as penicillin and tetracycline. Because further research is required for a full understanding of the mechanism of pathogenesis of post-breeding endometritis, we can only hypothesise that uterine contamination with pathogenic microflora, particularly with β-haemolytic streptococci and coliform bacteria, diagnosed before the first post-partum ovulation, could negatively affect the hormonal regulation of oestrus and result in mare fertility problems.

show abstract

Aminoglycosides and Aminocyclitols

Dowling¹

2013

Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in antibiotic resistance in equine bacterial ulcerative keratitis (1991–2000): 65 horses

Cited by 75 publications

References 10 publications

Bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity from the ocular conjunctiva of horses

Bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity from the ocular conjunctiva of horses

Incidence of bacterial pathogens in equine uterine swabs, their antibiotic resistance patterns, and selected reproductive indices in English thoroughbred mares during the foal heat cycle

Aminoglycosides and Aminocyclitols

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About