Changes in Anti-Erythrocyte Membrane Antibody Level of Dogs Experimentally Infected with Babesia gibsoni.

Adachi, Kozo; Makimura, Susumu

doi:10.1292/jvms.54.1221

Cited by 22 publications

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“…Immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is the most common disease associated with production of antired blood cell (RBC) antibodies in dogs 1–4 . Most cases of IMHA in dogs develop spontaneously, although the development of IMHA and anti‐RBC antibodies has also been reported after vaccination, after treatment with certain antibiotics, and after certain infections 5–7 . In some dogs with IMHA, the target antigens for RBC autoantibodies have been identified, although in most dogs with IMHA the antigens are unknown 8 .…”

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“…In some dogs with IMHA, the target antigens for RBC autoantibodies have been identified, although in most dogs with IMHA the antigens are unknown 8 . Previous studies have found that both immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies can be detected on the surface of RBC 7,9–13 . The primary consequence of antibody binding to the RBC surface is premature removal of RBC from circulation by macrophages in the spleen and liver 2–4 …”

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Anti‐Erythrocyte Antibodies and Disease Associations in Anemic and Nonanemic Dogs

Morley

Mathes

Guth

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Flow cytometry has been used to detect anti-red blood cell (RBC) antibodies in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA), but the prevalence of anti-RBC antibodies in anemic and nonanemic dogs with a variety of different diseases has not been assessed previously.Hypothesis: We hypothesized that anti-RBC antibodies would be more common in anemic dogs and in dogs with immunemediated disorders and cancer.Animals: Blood samples from 292 dogs were analyzed prospectively by flow cytometry for anti-RBC antibodies.Methods: Blood samples from 147 anemic and 145 nonanemic dogs were evaluated by flow cytometry to detect surfacebound immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies on RBC. Disease associations with RBC antibodies were determined, as was the correlation between disease status and the percentage of Ig 1 RBC. The specificity and sensitivity of flow cytometry and clinical variables for the diagnosis of IMHA were compared by Bayesian analysis.Results: Anemic dogs were significantly more likely to be positive for anti-RBC antibodies (IgG, IgM, or both) than nonanemic dogs. Anemic dogs also had significantly higher percentages of Ig 1 RBC than nonanemic dogs, whereas dogs with IMHA had significantly higher percentages of Ig 1 RBC than dogs with all other diseases. Dogs with IMHA, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia were significantly more likely to have anti-RBC antibodies than dogs with other medical or surgical diseases.Conclusions: Anemic dogs with immune-mediated diseases and infectious diseases were at the highest risk for the development of anti-RBC antibodies, and flow cytometry for the detection of IgG on RBC was highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of IMHA.

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Anti‐Erythrocyte Antibodies and Disease Associations in Anemic and Nonanemic Dogs

Morley

Mathes

Guth

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Also, the production of antigen for these tests requires experimentally infected dogs, making production time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, the serum from B. gibsoni-infected dogs sometimes cross-reacts with erythrocytes from healthy dogs or B. canis (1,2,3,26). Therefore, the development of a high-quality system is required for the diagnosis of B. gibsoni infection.…”

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Identification and Expression of a 50-Kilodalton Surface Antigen of Babesia gibsoni and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic Potential in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

et al. 2001

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“…Among Babesia species, which infect wide variety of animals, Babesia canis (B. canis) and B. gibsoni have been known as causative agents of canine babesiosis [1,9,13,14]. Clinical findings of canine babesiosis are fever, anorexia, malaise, hemoglobinuria and hemolytic anemia [5,6,9,13], and B. canis develops more acute and rapid hemolysis than B. gibsoni [9].…”

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Detection of Babesia Species from Infected Dog Blood by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Ano

Makimura

Harasawa

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was first applied to diagnosis of canine babesiosis in Japan. Blood samples from 13 dogs suffering from canine babesiosis were used for examination of specificity and sensitivity of the PCR diagnosis. Of the 13 dogs, three were experimentally infected, and ten were naturally infected with Babesia species in west part of Japan. We designed a nested PCR to amplify the babesial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene and found that only the nested PCR produced a visual band, which were not apparent by the first-round PCR to the positive samples. Specificity of the nested PCR was confirmed by amplification after the secondround PCR. Sensitivity of the nested PCR was examined by diluting the blood samples from infected and uninfected dogs. The nested PCR was found to show positive results on the most diluted blood at 0.0001% parasitemia. These results indicate that the nested PCR is highly sensitive and useful for diagnosis of canine babesiosis. KEY WORDS: babesia, canine, PCR.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63(1): 111-113, 2001 Among Babesia species, which infect wide variety of animals, Babesia canis (B. canis) and B. gibsoni have been known as causative agents of canine babesiosis [1,9,13,14]. Clinical findings of canine babesiosis are fever, anorexia, malaise, hemoglobinuria and hemolytic anemia [5,6,9,13], and B. canis develops more acute and rapid hemolysis than B. gibsoni [9]. The area of B. canis infection is reported in Southern Europe, North America, Africa and Asia, where B. gibsoni is found in Africa and Asia [6,9,13]. In Japan, B. gibsoni causes mainly canine babesiosis and B. canis was reported only in Okinawa [9]. Generally, Babesia species is identified by the demonstrating the organisms in blood smears under the light microscope or by serological examinations [5]. Although the detection of several Babesia species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and other DNAbased methods have been reported [2,4,[6][7][8][10][11][12], these approaches have never been applied on canine babesiosis in Japan. In the present study, we try to detect the small subunit ribosomal RNA (ss-rRNA) of Babesia species from canine blood by PCR. Sensitivity of this method was determined by using diluted blood of Babesia infection.Blood samples infected with Babesia species were collected from 10 naturally infected dogs in west part of Japan and 3 experimentally infected dogs. A blood sample from uninfected dog was used as a negative control. By microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears, these 10 dogs were considered infected with B. gibsoni because of their size and shape (Fig. 1). Ranges of their parasitemia were estimated from about 1.0% to 5.0%. DNA was isolated from 200 µl of whole blood. Briefly, blood was mixed with 500 µl of Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer (50 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 100 mM EDTA) containing 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 25 µl of 10 mg/ml proteinase K (TaKaRa Shuzo Co., Ltd., Japan) and incubated at 42°C. After incubation at overnight, 500 µl of phenol-equilibrated with TE (10 mM T...

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Changes in Anti-Erythrocyte Membrane Antibody Level of Dogs Experimentally Infected with Babesia gibsoni.

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Anti‐Erythrocyte Antibodies and Disease Associations in Anemic and Nonanemic Dogs

Anti‐Erythrocyte Antibodies and Disease Associations in Anemic and Nonanemic Dogs

Identification and Expression of a 50-Kilodalton Surface Antigen of Babesia gibsoni and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic Potential in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Detection of Babesia Species from Infected Dog Blood by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

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