Changes in alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy

Ihlen, Bente-Marie; Amundsen, Arvid; TRøNNES, L.; Sande, H. A.

doi:10.1177/145507259401100208

Nordisk Alkoholtisdkrift (Nordic Alcohol Studies)

1994

DOI: 10.1177/145507259401100208

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Changes in alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy

Bente-Marie Ihlen¹,

Arvid Amundsen²,

L. TRøNNES³

et al.

Abstract: Hans Andreas Sande: Changes in alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy Objective: to chart the use of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy. Design: prospective study. Setting: outpatient clinic at a major hospital in Oslo at the time of 17th week ultrasound examination and the maternity ward at the time of delivery. Subjects: representative sample of pregnant women in the Oslo area. Main outcome measures: interview at 17th week of pregnancy, questionnaire at time of birth, biological markers for tobacco and a… Show more

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1996

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“…(JT Epidemiol Community Health 1996;50: [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Smoking is one of the most important risk factors during pregnancy. A dose response association between smoking and low birth weight has been documented'-3 and associations have also been noted between maternal smoking and an increased incidence of ectopic pregnancy,4 perinatal morbidity,5 and late fetal and early neonatal death.…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychosocial resources and persistent smoking in early pregnancy--a population study of women in their first pregnancy in Sweden.

Dejin-Karlsson

Hanson

Östergren

et al. 1996

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Study objective -To test the stress hypothesis by characterising women during their first pregnancy who continue to smoke in early pregnancy in comparison with women who quit smoking, with special reference to psychosocial factors like social network, social support, demands, and control in work and daily life. Design -The study is based on a cohort of primigravidas followed during pregnancy. Data were collected by self administered questionnaires during the pregnant womens' first antenatal visit at about 12 weeks.Setting -The study was performed in the antenatal clinics in the city ofMalmo, Sweden.Participants -The participants were all primigravidas living in the city of Malmo, Sweden, over a one year period, 1991-92.A total of 872 (87.7%) of the 994 invited women agreed to participate. The population of this study on smoking includes all primigravidas who at the time of conception were smoking (n=404, 46.3%).Main results -At the first antenatal visit (63-6% (n =257) of the prepregnancy smokers were still smoking (a total smoking prevalence of 29-5%). The pregnant smokers were on average younger and had a lower educational level. The highest relative risk (RR) of continued smoking was found among unmarried women RR 2-7 (95% confidence interval) (1.5, 4.8), women having unplanned pregnancies RR 2-2 (1-2, 4.0) and those with a low social participation RR 1-6 (1.0, 2-7), low instrumental support RR 2-6 (1.2, 6.0), low support from the child's father RR 2-1 (1.0, 4.2) and those exposed to job strain RR= 2-3 (1.1,4-8). The In recent years great attention has been paid to the dangers of smoking during pregnancy. In spite ofthis, many pregnant women continue to smoke. In Sweden the prevalence of smoking among all pregnant women was 21 8% in 1992 (Swedish Medical Birth Registry -personal communication). A study from two big cities in Denmark showed a prevalence of 44% in 1987, and 81% ofthese women were still smoking at the end of pregnancy.9 One Norwegian study in 1989 showed a smoking prevalence of 46% 3 months before pregnancy, and 84% of the women were still smoking at the time of the first medical check up. '0 In a Swedish study, 32% of the pregnant women in one big city were daily smokers at the time of conception and by the time oftheir antenatal visit, 2 months later, 77% reported that they were still smoking."1 Women's smoking has been seen as related to social deprivation, stress, and disadvantage.2 13 Persistent smoking during pregnancy is found to be related to low household incomes, living in rented accommodation, being unmarried, and having a husband or partner in manual employment.'4 High parity number, not living with the infant's father, and daily passive smoking at home are also associated with an increased risk for continued smoking.'5 Other important predictors of unsuccessful smoking cessation are a high level of smoking before pregnancy and high coffee consumption.9Women experiencing depression and those with psychosocial difficulties in daily domestic roles also have higher rates of pe...

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confidence: 99%

Psychosocial resources and persistent smoking in early pregnancy--a population study of women in their first pregnancy in Sweden.

Dejin-Karlsson

Hanson

Östergren

et al. 1996

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Changes in alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy

Cited by 1 publication

References 19 publications

Psychosocial resources and persistent smoking in early pregnancy--a population study of women in their first pregnancy in Sweden.

Psychosocial resources and persistent smoking in early pregnancy--a population study of women in their first pregnancy in Sweden.

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