Changes in Aerosol Optical and Micro-Physical Properties over Northeast Asia from a Severe Dust Storm in April 2014

Abstract

This study focuses on analyzing the changes to aerosol properties caused by the dust storm called "China's Great Wall of Dust" that originated from the Taklimakan Desert in April 2014. IDDI (Infrared Difference Dust Index) images from FY-2E and true color composite images from FY-3C MERSI (Medium Resolution Spectral Imager) show the breakout and transport path of the dust storm. Three-hourly ground-based measurements from MICAPS (Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Process System) suggest that anticyclonic circulation occupying the Southern Xinjiang basin and cyclonic circulation in Mongolia form a dipole pressure system that leads to strong northwesterly winds (13.7-20 m/s), which favored the breakout of the dust storm. IDDI results indicate that the dust storm breakout occurred at~2:00 UTC on 23 April in the Taklimakan Desert. Four-day forward air mass trajectories with the HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) model gives the simulation results of the dust transport paths and dust vertical distributions, which are consistent with the corresponding aerosol vertical distributions derived from CALIPSO. The Aerosol Index (AI) data of TOU (Total Ozone Unit) aboard FY-3B are first used to study the areas affected by the dust storm. From the AI results, the dust-affected areas agree well with the synoptic meteorological condition analysis, which supports that the synoptic meteorological conditions are the main reason for the breakout and transport of the dust storm. Anomalies of the average MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) distributions over northeast Asia during the dust storm to the average of the values in April between 2010 and 2014 are calculated as a percent. The results indicate high aerosol loading with a spatially-averaged anomaly of 121% for dusty days between 23 April and 25 April. Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) retrievals of VSD (Volume Size Distribution) and SSA (Single Scattering Albedo) show that while the aerosol properties in Dalanzadgad, which is closer to the dust source, were influenced primarily by coarse dust particles, the aerosol properties in Beijing were mostly contributed by fine dust particles that transported over longer distances and at high atmospheric levels.

Spatial‐temporal characteristics of aerosol loading over the Yangtze River Basin during 2001–2015

“…These high winds may also raise the local dust. A severe dust storm which originated from the Taklamakan Desert occurred in late April 2014 (Fang et al , ). Forwards air mass trajectories starting from the Taklamakan Desert during the dust storm were modelled by Fang et al () and the results showed the dust transport paths and affected areas which included the source regions of the Yangtze River.…”

“…A severe dust storm which originated from the Taklamakan Desert occurred in late April 2014 (Fang et al , ). Forwards air mass trajectories starting from the Taklamakan Desert during the dust storm were modelled by Fang et al () and the results showed the dust transport paths and affected areas which included the source regions of the Yangtze River. In this study, backwards trajectories with the hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model combined with vertical profile products from cloud‐aerosol lidar infrared pathfinder satellite observations (CALIPSO) were used to further analyse the influence of the dust storm from the Taklamakan Desert on the source regions of the Yangtze River.…”

Dust Storm Remote Sensing Monitoring Supported by MODIS Land Surface Reflectance Database

“…Dust storms usually occur in the arid and semi-arid areas of the desert and its surrounding area in late winter and early spring [32][33][34][35]. North Africa, the Middle East, Middle and South Asia, East Asia, North America, and Australia are dust storm prone areas, where Western China is part of the Middle Asia dust storm prone area, and Northern China is part of the East Asia dust storm prone area [36][37][38].…”

“…It processes kinds of meteorological information such as ground observation data, aerological sounding data, satellite cloud data, numerical forecast data, radar data, typhoon path data, urban forecast data, etc. MICAPS supports a medium-term, short-term, and instant weather forecast platform by retrieving various meteorological data, showing the meteorological graphics and images as well as the processing and editing images [34,39,40].…”

Properties of Saharan Dust Versus Local Urban Dust—A Case Study

“…(2019); Cyprus, Mamouri and Ansmann (2014); United States, Prospero (1999); Northeast Asia, Fang et al. (2016); East Asia, Liu et al. (2019); China, Xie et al.…”