Changes in aerobic fitness and body fat during army recruit training

Vogel, James A.; Crowdy, J. P.; Amor, Angeles; Worsley, D. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00420987

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These results provide evidence that in some cases the military daily training is not enough to improve the physical performance of soldier, that is vital in military action as maneuvers and close quarter combat. Several studies [25][26][27] have researched the effect of different training programs on soldiers VO 2 max, showing an increase in VO 2 max after the military physical training just in subject with lower VO 2 max values. Another study found that military walk training was an effective method of instruction, increasing the average velocity during maneuvers, but to increase the VO 2 max running training was necessary [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study found that military walk training was an effective method of instruction, increasing the average velocity during maneuvers, but to increase the VO 2 max running training was necessary [28]. Depending on the military training conducted the improvements in physical fitness were different, but the higher improvements always were reached by soldiers with the lower initial level [22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Response of Male and Female Soldiers during a Simulated Attack Maneuver

Díaz¹,

Ramos-Campo²,

Rubio-Arias³

et al. 2014

TOSSJ

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Abstract:The study of organic response during combat is poorly reported in specific literature, despite being essential to improve soldiers training. The aim of the present research was to study the body composition and organic response during a treadmill test simulating the attack maneuver of a light infantry company, studying the differences between soldiers gender. Body composition and organic response in the treadmill test were analyzed in 27 healthy professional soldiers. Body weight was lower and fat mass was higher in female soldiers, and height and muscle mass were higher in male soldiers. In treadmill test, values of maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold and maximal heart rate (HR) and HR at anaerobic threshold, were higher in male soldiers (male vs. female: 51.9±1.2 vs. 50.4±1.3 ml/kg/min; 3278.9±93.9 vs. 2721.8 ml/min; 194.2±1.9 vs. 184.0±6.6 bpm; 181.3±1.8 vs. 171.4±1.7 bpm respectively). During simulated attack maneuver female soldiers presented lower VO 2 and higher HR than male soldiers, showing a worse physical fitness level. These data could be used by military coach to improve specific combat training. It is also recommended a decrease in the weigh carried by soldiers and to improve their aerobic performance to maximize the efficiency in last phases of combat maneuvers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Response of Male and Female Soldiers during a Simulated Attack Maneuver

Díaz¹,

Ramos-Campo²,

Rubio-Arias³

et al. 2014

TOSSJ

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“…The difference in response to basic training with regard to YIET and VO 2 max could be due to power or selection bias resulting from the relative low number of subjects who underwent VO 2 20 Other studies assessing the development in aerobic capacity generally have found that basic training improves aerobic capacity. This was demonstrated by a 10% improvement in running performance after 14 weeks of basic training in American officer candidates, 10 an 8% increase in estimated VO 2 max in British Army recruits, 26 and a 9% increase in British Army officer cadets. 7 However, only 1 study grouped subjects according to their initial fitness level.…”

Section: Aerobic Fitness and Intermittent Endurance Capacitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence of Injury and Physical Performance Adaptations During Military Training

Rosendal¹,

Langberg²,

Skov-Jensen³

et al. 2003

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

104

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Objective: Strenuous physical activity, such as military training, is known to demand a high degree of physical performance and to cause overuse injuries. However, the exact relation between injury incidence and physical fitness level and the influence of military training on measures of functional performance, such as intermittent endurance capacity and maximal jump performance, are not fully described.Methods: A total of 330 military conscripts were prospectively followed during military basic training. They were divided into 4 self-assessed physical fitness level groups (well trained, trained, less trained, and untrained) and underwent physical performance tests together with registration of injury incidence.Results: Twelve weeks of military basic training was found to result in an overall injury rate of 28%, with an inverse relation between physical fitness level and incidence of overuse injury (P < 0.0001). Furthermore a fourfold higher injury rate was observed in the previously untrained soldiers compared with the well-trained soldiers. An increase in intermittent endurance capacity (20-m intermittent shuttle run test) was seen in all groups, (13 to 62%, P < 0.05), whereas only the previously untrained group of soldiers improved in aerobic capacity (8 and 16%, P < 0.05; maximal oxygen uptake and Coopers 12-minute running test). Maximal jump performance, both with and without backpack loading (15 kg), decreased (5 to 13%, P < 0.05) in 93% of the soldiers despite weight loss.Conclusions: Military basic training has a positive effect on intermittent endurance capacity but a detrimental effect on jump performance. Furthermore, low levels of physical fitness are strongly associated with proneness toward overuse injury development in soldiers going through intense training.

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“…Earlier work on British Army BT by Vogel et al (1978), Legg and Duggan (1996) and Brock and Legg (1997) also showed improvements in aerobic ®tness. The value of +9.6% observed in the present study is relatively high, and most in agreement with the data (collected in 1972) from Vogel et al (1978).…”

Section: Aerobic ®Tnessmentioning

confidence: 67%

Resistance training and the enhancement of the gains in material-handling ability and physical fitness of British Army recruits during basic training

2002

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The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a modified British Army basic training that included resistance training in improving material-handling performance and physical fitness, and to compare the modified training directly with the normal basic training. Forty-three males [19.2 (2.6) years of age, 1764 (72) mm in height, 73.0 (10.6) kg in mass] and nine females [19.1 (2.2) years, 1641 (67) mm, 62.0 (7.2) kg] performed the modified basic training. Testing occurred in the week before and in the final week of the 11-week basic training. Improvements with the modified training were observed for all six material-handling tests, including 8-12% for maximal box lifting, 15-19% for repetitive lifting and carrying and 9-17% for loaded marching (all p < 0.01), and other established measures of aerobic fitness, strength and kinanthropometric characteristics. Significantly greater improvements were observed for the modified training compared with the normal training in maximal box lift to 1.45 m (12.4 versus 1.7%, p < 0.01), 3.2 km loaded march performance with 15 kg (8.9 versus 3.6%, p < 0.05), estimated fat-free mass (4.2 versus 1.5%, p < 0.001), predicted VO(2max) (1 min(-1)) (9.3 versus 4.1%, p < 0.01) and dynamic lift to 1.45 m (15.5 versus 0.2%, p < 0.001). It was concluded that the improvements in material-handling ability and other aspects of physical fitness brought about in recruits by British Army basic training can be enhanced by the use of a physical training programme that includes a carefully designed resistance training element. Of particular note are the improvements shown in performance on material-handling tasks that require muscular strength, as these represent many of the tasks that soldiers encounter in their military careers.

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Changes in aerobic fitness and body fat during army recruit training

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Response of Male and Female Soldiers during a Simulated Attack Maneuver

Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Response of Male and Female Soldiers during a Simulated Attack Maneuver

Incidence of Injury and Physical Performance Adaptations During Military Training

Resistance training and the enhancement of the gains in material-handling ability and physical fitness of British Army recruits during basic training

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