Changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes during Chenopodium murale seed germination

Abstract

The activities and isoenzyme pattern of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) have been studied during germination of Chenopodium murale seeds. CAT and SOD activities were similar in dry seeds and during first 2 d of imbibition. CAT activity increased during radicle protrusion and early seedling development. The maximum SOD activity was found at final stages of germination and early seedling development. POD activity was not detected until the 6 th day of germination, indicating POD involvement not until early seedling development. Gibberellic acid (GA 3 , 160 μM) delayed and synchronized C. murale germination.Additional key words: catalase, gibberelic acid, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase.

Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Raw and Denatured Aqueous Extracts from Sprouts and Wheatgrass of Einkorn and Emmer Obtained under Salinity

“…Conversely, no significant increase of radical scavenging was recorded for the salt-sensitive genotype (TDiZ) except in S100, but again this can be explained with the contribution of the few salt tolerant individuals grown until wheatgrass stage, as discussed previously for TPC. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), the specific enzyme that catalyzes the disproportion of superoxide, has been reported to increase during germination [ 29 ] and in the presence of salt stress [ 20 ], but the effect would change with salt sensitivity of genotypes [ 30 , 31 ]. The decrease observed after denaturation ( Figure 3 B,D) suggests that part of RS activity was due to thermally unstable compounds, like peptides [ 3 ].…”

Antioxidative enzymatic protection in leaves of two contrasting cowpea cultivars under salinity

“…Considering that the leaf RGR is strongly impaired by salinity in both cultivars, it is possible that this increased POX activity is simply related to H 2 O 2 scavenge and/or it is involved in H 2 O 2 - dependent cell wall lignification, reducing leaf growth. Indeed, many POX isoforms are located in different cell compartments, utilizing diverse phenolic compounds as substrates to eliminate H 2 O 2 (Azevedo-Neto et al 2005, 2006, Radic et al 2006, Ashraf and Ali 2008, Bogdanović et al 2008. Besides this protective role, other results point out that the cell wall POX is strictly involved in mechanisms underlying growth regulation, utilizing apoplastic H 2 O 2 to cell wall strengthening through lignin synthesis (Bacon et al 1997, Lin and Kao 2002, Passardi et al 2004.…”

Gibberellin retards chlorophyll degradation during senescence of Paris polyphylla

“…Gibberellins (GA) influence almost every aspect of the plant life cycle, including seed germination, leaf expansion, stem elongation, flower initiation and development, sex determination, and fruit development (Sun and Gubler 2004, Bogdanović et al 2008, Spanò et al 2008. Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) treatment retards senescence and maintains the Chl content (Chin and Beevers 1970, Parmar and Hammond 1971, Rosenvasser et al 2006), but there have been few reports on the mechanism of the delaying of Chl degradation by GA 3 .…”