Changes in Abdominal Obesity and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Peeters, Anna; Magliano, Dianna J.; Stevens, June; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Klein, Michael L.; Wong, Tien Yin

doi:10.1001/archopht.126.11.1554

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The association between lifelong smoking and AMD in the present study was only marginal and further attenuated after further adjusting for diet and physical activity. Obesity has been associated with a higher prevalence or incidence of AMD less consistently, 9 but weight loss has been associated with reduced AMD presence 10. Only extreme obesity was associated with AMD in the present sample; this was not significant after multivariate adjustment and was almost completely attenuated after adjusting for the potential explanatory variables of mHEI and physical activity.…”

Section: Commentcontrasting

confidence: 53%

Healthy Lifestyles Related to Subsequent Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

et al. 2011

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To investigate the relationships between lifestyle behaviors of diet, smoking, and physical activity and the subsequent prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: The population included 1313 participants (aged 55-74 years) in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study, an ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Scores on a modified 2005 Healthy Eating Index were assigned using responses to a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998). Physical activity and lifetime smoking history were queried. An average of 6 years later, stereoscopic fundus photographs were taken to assess the presence and severity of AMD; it was present in 202 women, 94% of whom had early AMD, the primary outcome. Results:In multivariate models, women whose diets scored in the highest quintile compared with the lowest quintile on the modified 2005 Healthy Eating Index had 46% lower odds for early AMD. Women in the highest quintile compared with those in the lowest quintile for physical activity (in metabolic energy task hours per week) had 54% lower odds for early AMD. Although smoking was not independently associated with AMD on its own, having a combination of 3 healthy behaviors (healthy diet, physical activity, and not smoking) was associated with 71% lower odds for AMD compared with having highrisk scores (P Ͻ .001). Conclusion:Modifying lifestyles might reduce risk for early AMD as much as 3-fold, lowering the risk for advanced AMD in a person's lifetime and the social and economic costs of AMD to society.

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Section: Commentcontrasting

confidence: 53%

Healthy Lifestyles Related to Subsequent Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

et al. 2011

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“…8 Furthermore, a reduction in waist-hip ratio over 6 years has been found to be associated with a reduced risk of AMD. 9 The reasons for the discrepancies may relate to differences in study populations such as age, nationality, and differences in outcome (precursors of AMD [present study], early AMD, 32 or progression of AMD). 8 However, we did observe a tendency for increasing odds for drusen > 63 lm with increasing waist-hip ratio with no significant dependency on sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…5,6 Furthermore, lower physical activity, higher body mass index, larger waist circumference, and increasing waist-hip ratio have been identified as risk factors for AMD. [7][8][9][10][11] Early AMD is defined by the presence of macular drusen > 125 lm.4 Drusen smaller than that may be regarded as precursors of AMD. In the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, eyes with at least 1 druse ‡ 63 lm but <125 lm, or more than 15 small drusen (<63 lm) were assigned to AMD category 2, where 316 of 1063 subjects progressed to AMD categories 3 or 4 over a period of 5 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Associations With Physical Activity, Obesity, and Serum Lipids in the Inter99 Eye Study

Munch

Linneberg

Larsen

2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Munch IC, Linneberg A, Larsen M. Precursors of age-related macular degeneration: associations with physical activity, obesity, and serum lipids in the Inter99 Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:3932-3940. DOI:10.1167/ iovs.12-10785 PURPOSE. To investigate associations of small, hard macular drusen and larger macular drusen with obesity-related risk factors.METHODS. Cross-sectional study of 888 subjects aged 30 to 60 years characterized using anthropometric measurements and blood sample analyses. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire. Digital grayscale fundus photographs were recorded in red-free illumination and graded for the presence of macular drusen > 63 lm in either eye and the presence of 20 or more small, hard macular drusen as a mean of both eyes.RESULTS. Macular drusen > 63 lm were associated with the level of physical activity, the ageand sex-adjusted odds ratio being 0.33 (95% confidence interval 0.13-0.82, P ¼ 0.016) for participants who were physically active more than 7 hours/week compared with participants active 0 to 2 hours/week. In women, macular drusen > 63 lm were associated with higher serum triglycerides (P ¼ 0.0005). A waist circumference in the top quartile increased the odds for drusen > 63 lm in men whereas in women, having a waist circumference in the middle quartiles reduced these odds. The presence of 20 or more small, hard macular drusen was associated with lower levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL; P ¼ 0.029) and with moderately elevated triglycerides.CONCLUSIONS. Precursors of AMD were associated with modifiable obesity-related risk factors; notably low physical activity with drusen > 63 lm; and lower serum HDL and moderately elevated serum triglycerides with 20 or more small, hard macular drusen per eye. These findings support that a physically active, heart-healthy lifestyle prevents the earliest manifestation of AMD. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00289237.) Keywords: AMD, physical activity, drusen, small hard macular drusen A MD is a multifactorial disease characterized by macular drusen and pigment abnormalites.1 Genetic predisposition explains approximately 50% of the variation in study population characteristics. 2,3 The dominant genetic factor is the complement factor H Y402H polymorphism (CFHY402H). 1 Well-documented risk factors for advanced age-related macular degeneration include age 4 and smoking. 5,6 Furthermore, lower physical activity, higher body mass index, larger waist circumference, and increasing waist-hip ratio have been identified as risk factors for AMD. [7][8][9][10][11] Early AMD is defined by the presence of macular drusen > 125 lm.4 Drusen smaller than that may be regarded as precursors of AMD. In the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, eyes with at least 1 druse ‡ 63 lm but <125 lm, or more than 15 small drusen (<63 lm) were assigned to AMD category 2, where 316 of 1063 subjects progressed to AMD categories 3 or 4 over a period of 5 years.12 Small hard drusen are very common in humans 13,14 ; and whe...

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“…Azok a kö-zépkorú személyek, akik legalább 3%-kal csökkentették derék/csípő hányadosukat, szignifi kánsan ritkábban betegedtek meg AMD-ben, és ez különösen azokra vonatkozott, akik elhízottak voltak [7].…”

Section: Az Emelkedett Testtömeg(index) Csökkentéseunclassified

Adalékok az időskori maculadegeneráció – etiopatogeneziséből fakadó – nem gyógyszeres intervenciójához

Fischer¹

2015

Orvosi Hetilap

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A szem struktúráit vérrel ellátó érendothelium működészavarának kulcsfontosságú a szerepe az időskori maculadegeneráció létrejöttében, és indirekt bizonyítékok arra utalnak, hogy az időskori maculadegeneráció érbetegség, végső soron az egész érrendszer megbetegedésének a része. A vascularis események csökkenését eredményező beavatkozá-sok nyomán az endotheldiszfunkció javulása/gyógyulása következik be: az endotheldiszfunkció helyreállítása megakadályozza az érbántalom és így az időskori maculadegeneráció kialakulását vagy csökkenti a már kialakult elvál-tozást. Ami a kockázati tényezők jelenlétében kialakuló endotheldiszfunkció és következményes időskori maculadegeneráció kiküszöbölésének, illetve megelőzésének stratégiáját illeti, számos -az endothel-működészavart javító, korrigáló -nem gyógyszeres és farmakológiai intervenció áll rendelkezésünkre. Ezek az életmód helyes irány-ba történő megváltoztatásával függenek össze: 1. a dohányzás abbahagyása; 2. túlsúly esetén a testsúly csökkentése; 3. megfelelő fi zikai aktivitás/több testmozgás; 4. helyes étrend: a) kellő mennyiségű fl avonoid, polifenol, kurkumin bevitele; b) ómega-3 hosszú láncú, többszörösen telítetlen zsírsav, dokozahexaénsav, eikozapentaénsav bevitele; c) karotinoidok -lutein és zeaxantin -bevitele; d) optimális glykaemiás indexű táplálék fogyasztása; e) a túlzott energiabevitel korlátozása; f) a stresszes életmód kerülése/krónikus stressz kiküszöbölése. Előnyben kell, hogy részesítsük a nem gyógyszeres beavatkozásokat a gyógyszeres intervenciós eszközökkel szemben akkor is, ha mindkettőt együtt, egymás mellett alkalmazzuk. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(28), 1128-1132.Kulcsszavak: időskori maculadegeneráció, endotheldiszfunkció, oxidatív stressz, kockázati tényező, prevenció, élet-mód megváltoztatása Non-pharmacological therapy of age-related macular degeneration resulting from its etiopathogenesisIt has a great therapeutic signifi cance that the disorder of the vascular endothelium, which supplies the affected ocular structures, plays a major role in the development of age-related macular degeneration. Chronic infl ammation is closely linked to diseases associated with endothelial dysfuncition and age-related macular degeneration is accompanied by a general infl ammatory response. The vascular wall including those in chorioids may be activated by several repeated and/or prolonged mechanical, physical, chemical, microbiological, immunologic and genetic factors causing a protracted host defence response with a consequent vascular damage, which leads to age-related macular degeneration. Based on this concept, age-related macular degeneration is a local manifestation of the systemic vascular disease. This recognition should have therapeutic implications because restoration of endothelial dysfunction can stabilize the condition of chronic vascular disease including age-related macular degeneration, as well. Restoration of endothelial dysfunction by non-pharmacological or pharmacological interventions may prevent the development or improve endothelial dysfun...

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Changes in Abdominal Obesity and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cited by 56 publications

References 32 publications

Healthy Lifestyles Related to Subsequent Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Healthy Lifestyles Related to Subsequent Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Precursors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Associations With Physical Activity, Obesity, and Serum Lipids in the Inter99 Eye Study

Adalékok az időskori maculadegeneráció – etiopatogeneziséből fakadó – nem gyógyszeres intervenciójához

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