Changes during aging and their association with malnutrition

Amarya, Shilpa; Singh, Kuldeep; Sabharwal, Manisha

doi:10.1016/j.jcgg.2015.05.003

Cited by 268 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…60 Some authors hypothesize that this lack of appetite could be the result of a physiological adaptation to the decrease in calorie requirements, as a consequence of the changes in body composition and reduction of physical activity. 61 Multiple factors could explain the reduction in the appetite in seniors: among homeostatic factors, there is a clear deregulation in the secretion and response to some of principal hormones related with the control of food intake such as cholecystokinin, ghrelin or insulin. 59 This dysregulation together with a decrease in smell and taste perception, modifies the appetence and food preferences, increasing the risk of malnutrition.…”

Section: Physiological and Immune Status In The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…66 Also, the relative increase in body fat reduces the energy requirements as a consequence of the decline in the basal metabolic rate. However, maintaining a nutrient-dense diet is of critical importance since the consumption of nutrients below the recommendations is associated with higher risk of mortality, 61 whereas an over-consumption is associated with higher risk of obesity and related diseases.…”

Section: Physiological and Immune Status In The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

et al. 2016

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The gut microbiota is the assembly of microorganisms living in our intestine and their genomes are known as the microbiome. The correct composition and functionality of this microbiome is essential for maintaining a "healthy status." Aging is related to changes in the gut microbiota which are frequently associated with physiological modifications of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as, to changes in dietary patterns, together with a concomitant decline in cognitive and immune function, all together contributing to frailty. Therefore, nutritional strategies directed at restoring the microbiota in the elderly have to be addressed from a global perspective, considering not only the microbiota but also other extra-intestinal targets of action. The present review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations and other functions impaired in the elderly and to analyze tools for implementing nutritional strategies, through the use of probiotics, prebiotics or specific nutrients in order to counterbalance such alterations.

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Section: Physiological and Immune Status In The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiological and Immune Status In The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

et al. 2016

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“…[14][15][16] More often the focus of nutrition in older adults is a healthy diet and physical activity to minimize the risk of developing lifestyle diseases. 17,18 However, there is an ample of evidences to suggest that protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common nutritional problem in elderly population. 10 Malnutrition in elder population is mostly associated with complications and premature death.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,16 Physical or physiologic problems related to chewing, digestion and absorption of food, lack of appetite, smoking, alcohol consumption and excessive use of medication and also lifestyle, hormonal changes and diseases play a role in malnutrition. 16,17 Poor nutritional status among elder people related to increased morbidity and mortality. 16,17 Also, nutritional status is related to the overall quality of life and health.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional status of senior citizens living in old age homes of Kathmandu metropolitan municipality

Singh

Shrestha

2016

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Nutritional impairment, psychological health and quality of life among older adults with advanced cancer: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial

Singhal,

Wang,

Qin

et al. 2024

Cancer Medicine

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BackgroundNutritional impairment is associated with treatment toxicity and worse overall survival in patients with cancer. We aimed to (1) evaluate the association of nutritional impairment with psychological health and quality of life (QOL) and (2) examine which measures of nutrition had the strongest association with psychological health and QOL among older adults receiving cancer treatment with palliative intent.MethodsThis secondary analysis was performed on baseline data from a nationwide cluster randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02107443; PI: Mohile). Adults age ≥70 with advanced cancer and ≥1 geriatric assessment (GA) impairment were enrolled from 2014 to 2017. In line with geriatric oncology standards, we defined nutritional impairment as Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA‐SF) ≤11, body mass index (BMI) <21 kg/m2, or >10% involuntary weight loss in the past 6 months. We conducted multivariable linear regressions to evaluate the association of nutritional impairment with each measure of psychological health and QOL: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15, range 0–15), Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7, range 0–21), NCCN Distress Thermometer (NCCN DT, range 0–10), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General (FACT‐G, range 0–108). Analyses were adjusted for patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and GA.ResultsAmong 541 patients, the mean age was 77 (range 70–96) and 60% had nutritional impairment. Mean baseline scores: GDS‐15 3.1 (SD 2.7), GAD‐7 2.9 (SD 4.0), NCCN DT 2.9 (SD 2.7), and FACT‐G 80 (SD 15). In the adjusted model, compared to those with no nutritional impairment, older adults with nutritional impairment had greater depression (β = 0.79, 95% CI 0.36–1.23) and anxiety severity (β = 0.86, 95% CI 0.19–1.53), and worse QOL (β = −6.31, 95% CI −8.62 to −4.00). Of the measures of nutrition, MNA‐SF ≤11 demonstrated the strongest associations with depression, anxiety, distress, and QOL.ConclusionNutritional impairment is associated with impaired psychological health and worse QOL. Clinicians should use the MNA‐SF to screen older adults for nutritional impairment and offer tailored supportive interventions.

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Changes during aging and their association with malnutrition

Cited by 268 publications

References 37 publications

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

Nutritional status of senior citizens living in old age homes of Kathmandu metropolitan municipality

Nutritional impairment, psychological health and quality of life among older adults with advanced cancer: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial

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