Changes critical to persistent lowering of arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rat occur early in antihypertensive treatment

Hale, Taben M.; Bushfield, Terri L; Woolard, Jeanette; Pang, Judith J.; Rees-Milton, Karen; Adams, Michael

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32833fb7cb

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…There are numerous studies linking the ET system and RAS, suggesting that one system may act to regulate the other. In fact, inhibition of angiotensin‐converting enzyme increased the expression of ET peptides and ET receptors in the renal medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats 57 and cardiomyopathic hamsters, 58 respectively. In addition, angiotensin II reduced the expression of ET A and ET B receptors in isolated medullary CDs, 59 ET‐1 binding activity to receptors in medullary tissues 60 and the natriuretic response to intramedullary infused ET‐1 in rats 61 .…”

Section: How Is the Renal Medullary Et System Stimulated?mentioning

confidence: 98%

New concepts in endothelin control of sodium balance

Nakano

Pollock

2011

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. Endothelin (ET)-1, which was originally found to be secreted by the vascular endothelium, is highly expressed in the kidney, particularly in the renal medulla. 2. Recent studies using genetic models have provided significant breakthroughs in the role of ET-1 in the kidney. For example, ET-1 in the medullary collecting duct physiologically regulates water and salt reabsorption, thereby controlling blood pressure. Surprisingly, to explain the blood pressure regulation both ET(A) and ET(B) receptors are necessary in collecting duct. In fact, we recently revealed that ET(A) receptor stimulation in the renal medulla was natriuretic and diuretic. 3. The expression and secretion of ET-1 in the renal medulla are regulated by multiple mechanisms, such as changes in osmolality, exaggerated renin-angiotensin system activity and hypoxia. The changes in the renal medullary ET system are likely to work as compensatory 'protective' natriuretic factors in response to high sodium exposure in the kidney. 4. In the present review, we focus on recent publications that describe our current knowledge of the functional role of renal medullary ET-1, including the recently characterized actions of ET(A) receptors, the second messenger systems, mechanisms of stimulating ET-1 production and how the ET system is involved in the development of hypertension.

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