Change of Sex Gaps in Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Over the Life Span in the United States

Yang, Yang; Kozloski, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.06.006

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…SBP, a marker of cardiovascular function, is a strong predictor of chronic disease and mortality across the life course (Yang and Kozloski 2012). While younger individuals are more prone to high diastolic blood pressure, SBP is affected by increased arterial stiffness, contributing to a high prevalence of systolic hypertension in old age (Franklin et al 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiological impacts of wealth shocks in late life: Evidence from the Great Recession

Boen

Yang

2016

Social Science & Medicine

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Given documented links between individual socioeconomic status (SES) and health, it is likely that—in addition to its impacts on individuals’ wallets and bank accounts—the Great Recession also took a toll on individuals’ disease and mortality risk. Exploiting a quasi-natural experiment design, this study utilizes nationally representative, longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) (2005-2011) (N=930) and individual fixed effects models to examine how household-level wealth shocks experienced during the Great Recession relate to changes in biophysiological functioning in older adults. Results indicate that wealth shocks significantly predicted changes in physiological functioning, such that losses in net worth from the pre- to the post-Recession period were associated with increases in systolic blood pressure and C-reactive protein over the six year period. Further, while the association between wealth shocks and changes in blood pressure was unattenuated with the inclusion of other indicators of SES, psychosocial well-being, and health behaviors in analytic models, we document some evidence of mediation in the association between changes in wealth and changes in C-reactive protein, which suggests specificity in the social and biophysiological mechanisms relating wealth shocks and health at older ages. Linking macro-level conditions, meso-level household environments, and micro-level biological processes, this study provides new insights into the mechanisms through which economic inequality contributes to disease and mortality risk in late life.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiological impacts of wealth shocks in late life: Evidence from the Great Recession

Boen

Yang

2016

Social Science & Medicine

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“…In two of these studies, values were defined separated by gender, (Alecu et al 2008;Reusz et al 2010) but not in the other one because they found a small effect of gender on PWV values (Boutouyrie and Vermeersch 2010). However, this adjustment is needed for practical use considering the gender-related pattern of CV morbidity and mortality (Lerner and Kannel 1986;Anderson et al 1991;Li et al 2006;Shaw et al 2008;Maas and Appelman 2010;Claassen et al 2012;Yang and Kozloski 2012). The importance of routine measurements of PWV was reiterated in the most recent expert consensus on aortic stiffness measurement (Van Bortel et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age and gender, however, are two strong predictors of arterial stiffening. A parallel analysis of these two factors is important in view of the well-known influence of gender on the pattern of CV morbidity and mortality (Lerner and Kannel 1986;Anderson et al 1991;Li et al 2006;Shaw et al 2008;Maas and Appelman 2010;Claassen et al 2012;Yang and Kozloski 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age- and gender-specific reference values of pulse wave velocity for African adults: preliminary results

Magalhães

Capingana

Silva

et al. 2013

AGE

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Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk. Higher PWV values have been observed in Africans; however, there are no established age-and gender-adjusted reference values for this population. Therefore, PWV was measured using a validated device (Complior SP) in 544 subjects recruited from an occupational cohort of employees of a public university in Angola. Since high blood pressure (BP) is an important factor influencing PWV, a subsample of 301 normotensive subjects (aged 22-72 years) was selected for this study. A subset of 131 individuals without CV risk factors was considered the healthy group (HG), while the entire group (n = 301) comprised the less healthy group (LHG). Predictors of PWV were evaluated using multiple regression analyses and age-and gender-specific percentile tables and curves were constructed. Age and PWV means were 36±9.7 years and 6.6±1.0 m/s in the HG, respectively, and 39.9±10.2 years and 7.3± 1.3 m/s in the LHG. Age and plasma uric acid (UA) were the only significant PWV predictors in the HG, while age, mean BP (MBP), and gender showed significant prediction of PWV in the multiple regression analysis in the LHG. Age-and gender-adjusted reference values of PWV were provided for healthy and less healthy normotensive Africans. Considering the small sample size of our cohort, these preliminary results should be used cautiously until data on robust sample of the general population can be obtained.

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“…Blood pressure is of particular interest to this study for several reasons. First, hypertension is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease, all of which are strongly predictive of old age mortality (Yang & Kozloski, 2012). With approximately 67% of adults over the age of 60 having elevated blood pressure (Yoon et al, 2012), hypertension plays a substantial role in shaping the health trajectories of older adults (Cornwell & Waite, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Relationships and Hypertension in Late Life

2014

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Objectives Social relationships are widely understood to be important for sustaining and improving health and longevity, but it remains unclear how different dimensions of social relationships operate through similar or distinct mechanisms to affect biophysiological markers of aging-related disease over time. Methods This study utilized longitudinal data on a nationally representative sample of older adults from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (2005 – 2011) to examine the prospective associations between social integration and social support and change in systolic blood pressure and hypertension risk over time. Results While both social relationship dimensions have significant physiological impacts, their relative importance differs by outcome. Low social support was predictive of increase in systolic blood pressure, while low social integration was predictive of increase in risk of hypertension. Discussion The different roles of relationship characteristics in predicting change in physiological outcomes suggest specific biophysiological stress response and behavioral mechanisms that have important implications for both scientific understandings and effective prevention and control of a leading chronic condition in late life.

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Change of Sex Gaps in Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Over the Life Span in the United States

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

The physiological impacts of wealth shocks in late life: Evidence from the Great Recession

The physiological impacts of wealth shocks in late life: Evidence from the Great Recession

Age- and gender-specific reference values of pulse wave velocity for African adults: preliminary results

Social Relationships and Hypertension in Late Life

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