Change of osmoregulatory and hematological parameters in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after exposure to sublethal mercury concentrations

Acid-base balance, osmoregulation and hematological changes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after sublethal cadmium exposure

“…In general, heavy metals have a strong in uence on the regulation of monovalent ions, causing net ion drop in hyperosmoregulating freshwater sh (Wilson and Taylor 1993;Adhim et al 2017;Handayani et al 2020) and net ion uptake in hypoosmoregulating marine sh (Stagg and Shuttleworth 1982). Fish exposed to Cd had a drop in plasma Cl − while maintaining a consistent level of blood Na + .…”

“…Fish exposed to waterborne Cd may experience a variety of deleterious effects, including changes in respiration (Sha et al 2001), decreased growth (Okorie et al 2014), alteration in plasma ion regulation (McGeer et al 2000), hematological abnormalities (Adhim et al 2017;Handayani et al 2020), and enzyme activity (Nursanti et al 2017;Ma'rifah et al 2019). There has been limited research on the effect of Cd on acid-base balance in sh.…”

“…The blood transports O 2 from the environment to the tissues, while the tissues release CO 2 and the blood transports it back to the environment. The red blood cell (RBC) contains hemoglobin (Hb), which is required for O and 12 h dark(Handayani et al 2020). Water quality was maintained by constant circulation via a biological lter consisting gravel, sand, and sponge lters.…”

“…, Clarias gariepinus(Olanike et al, 2008), and O. niloticus(Adhim et al, 2017) after exposed to different level of Pb, and in O. niloticus after Hg exposure(Handayani et al, 2020). A considerable reduction in the number of RBC revealed that Cd may damage RBC throughout the circulating erythrocytes process…”

Lead, mercury, and selenium alter physiological functions in wild caimans (Caiman crocodilus)

“…Although Hg toxicity is well documented in several taxa (Scheuhammer et al, 2007;Morcillo et al, 2017;Evers, 2018;Zheng et al, 2019), its effects remain poorly studied in reptiles (Schneider et al, 2013). Hg can act as an inhibitor of the Na + /K + -ATPase (Kramer et al, 1986;Magour, 1986;Chuu et al, 2007), and can lead to a disruption of osmoregulation in taxa such as fishes and crustaceans (Lock et al, 1981;Bianchini and Gilles, 1996;Handayani et al, 2020).…”