Change of Organophosphoric Acid Triesters Concentration at Sea-Based Solid Waste Disposal Site.

Levels and distributions of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in sediment from Taihu Lake, China

“…For example, monochlorinated biphenyl was distributed in the dissolved phase to more than 95%, with low water solubility of 4.3 mmol/L [38]. The water solubility of TBEP and chlorinated organophosphates in the present study is quite high, as listed in Table 1.…”

“…It is shown that the levels of OPs in Taihu Lake sediments were close to those detected in marine sediment and river sediment from Taiwan, Spain, the United States, and Austria [13,[18][19][20], but significantly lower than those found in sediments from highly industrialized areas in Germany [37] and from a sea-based waste disposal site [38]. In 1999, Kawagoshi et al investigated the occurrence of nine OPs (including the seven analytes in the present study, triethyl phosphate [TEP], and tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate [TEHP]) in sediments collected from a sea-based solid waste disposal site located at the Osaka North port and found that all the studied OPs were detected, with TCEP (LOD $7,395 mg/kg) and TBEP (LOD $1,969 mg/kg) as the main components, and that the total concentrations of the nine OPs in sediments from the disposal site (484-12,081 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those in the surrounding sea [38]. Stachel et al measured five OPs (including TBP, TCEP, TCPP, TDCPP, and TBEP) in 37 sediment samples collected from the highly industrialized area along the Elbe River and at the mouths of its main tributaries; all of the OPs were detected in the sediments, and among them, TCPP was the dominant compound with levels ranging from 5.9 to 311 mg/kg [37].…”

“…In about half of the sediment, TBEP was the most abundant chemical, followed by the chlorinated OPs TCEP and TCPP. The individual OP profiles might be associated with their application in this region [4,[36][37][38], Sjödin et al have reported, based on their research in an electronic recycling plant, that TBEP was the most prevalent compound added in electronic goods, followed by TCEP and TCPP [38]. Marklund et al studied 15 dust samples collected from varied environments and found that TBEP was the most abundant in most of the samples, followed by TCEP, TCPP, and TDCPP.…”

Distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants in sediments from the Pearl River Delta in South China

“…However, Martínez-Carballo et al (2007) have reported concentrations of ∑ 9PFRs up to 1900 ng/g in the sediment of the Schwechat River in Austria. The levels of ∑9PFRs in the sediments from the waste-disposal site and the surrounding sea of Osaka North Port in Japan were up to 10,900 ng/g and 1800 ng/g, respectively (Kawagoshi et al, 1999), which were markedly higher than were those found in the PRD.…”

“…To our knowledge (Kawagoshi et al, 1999;Chung and Ding, 2009;Cao et al, 2012), a limited number of reports have been published on PFRs in the sediments in the Asian Pacific region, pertaining to Japan, Taiwan, and Lake Taihu in China. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed and urbanized regions in southern China, and, because of the extensive manufacturing industry in the region, there is widespread use of large amounts of chemicals.…”