Change of antibiotic susceptibility following periodontal therapy

Abstract

The periodontal pathogens investigated prior to and 1 year after periodontal therapy are tested sensitive to the antimicrobial agents. In aggressive periodontitis, changes in bacterial susceptibility upon the administration of systemic antibiotics are associated with the limited number of isolates tested following therapy.

Effectiveness of Systemic Amoxicillin/Metronidazole as an Adjunctive Therapy to Full‐Mouth Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Aggressive Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…During the first stage of study selection, 342 publications were excluded based on an evaluation of the title and abstract (inter‐reviewer agreement, k = 0.79). During the second phase, the complete full‐text articles of the remaining 26 publications 2,6,7,13,15,16,28‐47 were thoroughly evaluated. A total of 17 papers 13,29‐31,34‐43,45‐47 were excluded during this second stage because they did not fulfill the inclusion criteria (A) (inter‐reviewer agreement, k = 0.87).…”

“…During the second phase, the complete full‐text articles of the remaining 26 publications 2,6,7,13,15,16,28‐47 were thoroughly evaluated. A total of 17 papers 13,29‐31,34‐43,45‐47 were excluded during this second stage because they did not fulfill the inclusion criteria (A) (inter‐reviewer agreement, k = 0.87). Three full‐text articles 7,15,33 of the remaining nine publications were excluded because they met one or more of the exclusion criteria (B) (inter‐reviewer agreement, k = 0.89); therefore, a total of six studies 2,6,16,28,32,44 fulfilled the required selection criteria of both phases and were included in the meta‐analyses.…”

Long-term evaluation of the antimicrobial susceptibility and microbial profile of subgingival biofilms in individuals with aggressive periodontitis

“…Conceivably, the systemic administration of AMX and/or MET might have a synergistic impact on the susceptibility of the microbiota to CHX, reflecting ecological shifts in the periodontal microbiota. Other studies have also reported the selective and transient pressure of systemic antimicrobials on the susceptibility of the subgingival microbiota ( Feres et al , 2001 , Buchmann et al , 2003 , Rodrigues et al , 2004 ). A decrease in the MIC of MET was observed in both groups, although the concentrations remained high at 12 months after treatment.…”

Influence of local tetracycline on the microbiota of alveolar osteitis in rats

“…In addition to the effects on host tissues, tetracycline has a unique property of attachment to mineralized tissues, creating a reservoir of antimicrobial activity that is not easily cleared out by saliva or tissue exudates (10). In spite of its favorable properties, this drug has been associated to an increase in the antimicrobial resistance in oral bacteria (10)(11), especially between members of genus Veillonella and facultative Grampositive anaerobes (12).…”

“…In addition to the effects on host tissues, tetracycline has a unique property of attachment to mineralized tissues, creating a reservoir of antimicrobial activity that is not easily cleared out by saliva or tissue exudates (10). In spite of its favorable properties, this drug has been associated to an increase in the antimicrobial resistance in oral bacteria (10)(11), especially between members of genus Veillonella and facultative Grampositive anaerobes (12). However, this phenomenon of selection of microorganisms is very common in pathogenic bacteria, not only related to tetracycline (13) or oral bacteria, since it has been detected in microbial communities in soil, water (14) and indigenous microflora from animals (4).…”