Change in Pseudomonas aeruginosa prevalence in cystic fibrosis adults over time

Abstract

BackgroundLittle is known about risk factors for chronic and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) adults, and whether the prevalence is changing.MethodsWe employed a retrospective cohort to analyze data from a single adult CF center (2002 to 2012). Regression models were used to assess independent predictors and change in prevalence of chronic and mucoid Pa infection over time.ResultsThe odds ratio of mucoid Pa infection was significantly less in individuals with better baseline lung function (OR 0.84,95%CI:0.77–0.92) and those diagnosed after the age of 25 (OR 0.21, 95%CI:0.05–0.95). The prevalence of chronic Pa and mucoid Pa decreased during the time interval. After adjusting for confounders, the observed decrease in chronic and mucoid Pa between 2002 and 2012 was no longer significant.ConclusionsThe prevalence of chronic and mucoid Pa is decreasing. Larger studies are needed to confirm these regional trends and their significance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-016-0333-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Agmatine accumulation byPseudomonas aeruginosaclinical isolates confers antibiotic tolerance and dampens host inflammation

“…Many of these examples are mutated in only a small fraction of infections (15), which is consistent with the prevalence of aguA mutations (~5%) among our isolate library. While this recovery rate is not nearly as high as QS-deficient ( lasR ), mucoid ( mucA) or hypermutator ( mutS) phenotypes (12, 54, 55), parallel evolution of agmatine hyperproduction in P. aeruginosa derived from multiple patients suggests positive selection at the aguA locus. Since our isolate library was derived from de-identified sputum samples for which clinical data were not available, it is unclear whether agmatine hyperproduction is associated with the transition to chronicity.…”

Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes or Hydrogen Peroxide Enhance Biofilm Development of MucoidPseudomonas aeruginosa

“…P. aeruginosa biofilms are the main cause of persistent infection in patients with CF [ 2 ]; once present as a biofilm, P. aeruginosa has the ability to resist inflammatory conditions and antibiotic treatment for decades without eradication [ 13 ]. PMNs are the major host cell population in CF sputum; the host cell population in sputum consists of leucocytes and epithelial cells, and PMNs constitute 96 to 99% of the leucocytes [ 32 ].…”

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa , an opportunistic pathogen, usually invades patients who are immunocompromised or immunodeficient. Persistent infection by P. aeruginosa was identified to be the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) [ 1 , 2 ]. Following persistent infection, P. aeruginosa undergoes significant phenotypic and genetic changes to adapt to airways in chronic CF, including mucoid conversion, and decreases in virulence factor expression and biofilm formation [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Targeting the Pseudomonas quinolone signal quorum sensing system for the discovery of novel anti-infective pathoblockers

“…In 2013, it has been estimated, that by the age of eighteen 80% of the CF patients are Pseudomonas positive. Recently, evidence has been provided that this ratio is reducing [ 19 ]. Nevertheless, with progression of age the majority of CF patients will become chronically infected with P. aeruginosa and this is still the major cause of death associated with this genetic disorder [ 20 ].…”