Change in Food Cravings, Food Preferences, and Appetite During a Low‐Carbohydrate and Low‐Fat Diet

Martin, Corby K.; Rosenbaum, Diane L.; Han, Hongmei; Geiselman, Paula J.; Wyatt, Holly R.; Hill, James O.; Brill, Carrie; Bailer, Brooke; Miller-III, Bernard V.; Stein, Richard I.; Klein, Sam; Foster, Gary D.

doi:10.1038/oby.2011.62

Cited by 162 publications

(113 citation statements)

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“…The long-term effects of the natural macronutrient composition of weight loss diets on food cravings, food preferences, and hunger have important clinical implications in diet therapy for obesity [9,27]. The results of the present study demonstrate that promoting the restriction of specific types of foods while dieting causes decreased cravings and preferences for the foods that targeted for restriction.…”

Section: Effects Of 6-month Weight Loss New Program On Anthropometricsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…There many diet programs to decrease weight loss, have short-term weight loss effects and many side effects while long-term dietary plan and maintenance of weight loss are difficult to achieve [8,9]. We design six-month program depending on the biochemical interaction between nature nutrient-dense food regardless calorie and amount of food and human bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 6-Month Weight Loss New Program on Anthropometric Measurements and Biological Profile

Hamouda¹,

Noeman²

2016

JPP

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Obesity has become a leading global health problem owing to its strong association with a high incidence of diseases. Obesity is results from the complex interaction of environmental factors that act on a genetic background and led to excess accumulated of body fat. Treatment of obesity includes determination of the degree of obesity, management weight loss programme and maintenance of body weight. To investigate effect 6 months safe weight loss program on anthropometric measurements and biological and metabolic profiles in obese patients. 35 obese patients were enrolled in the present study: 20 female, 15 male. Participants underwent a comprehensive series of biochemical, anthropometrical, physical, and nutritional prior to treatment-at baseline and after the six-month of the obesity treatment program. 6 months weight loss program. Diet plan intervention in small groups. In-person training and individual diet plan intervention. There is significant reduction in weight and high improvement in laboratory parameters. Our data showed that there an improvement in weight loss. These finding may be important for controlling obesity-related co-morbidities. It would appear that moderate weight loss of 8-10 % observed in our study resulted in significant improvements in laboratory parameters

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Section: Effects Of 6-month Weight Loss New Program On Anthropometricsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 6-Month Weight Loss New Program on Anthropometric Measurements and Biological Profile

Hamouda¹,

Noeman²

2016

JPP

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“…As such, inferences about the long-term effects of a habitual LFHC diet on food hedonics cannot be made in the present study. However, Martin et al (48) has reported that individuals (n 134) following a 2-year low-carbohydrate diet were 'less bothered by hunger' and demonstrated decreased cravings for carbohydrates and preferences for high-carbohydrate and high-sugar foods compared with those following a low-fat diet (n 136). Furthermore, protein status after a 14-d high-protein diet has been shown to affect subsequent protein intake, wanting and preference for savoury, high-protein foods (22) and neural activation in brain reward regions in response to savoury food cues (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing effects of high-fat or high-carbohydrate meals on food hedonics in overweight and obese individuals

et al. 2016

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Although the effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on satiety are well documented, little is known about the impact of these macronutrients on food hedonics. We examined the effects of ad libitum and isoenergetic meals varying in fat and carbohydrate on satiety, energy intake and food hedonics. In all, sixty-five overweight and obese individuals (BMI = 30·9 (SD 3·8) kg/m 2 ) completed two separate test meal days in a randomised order in which they consumed high-fat/low-carbohydrate (HFLC) or low-fat/high-carbohydrate (LFHC) foods. Satiety was measured using subjective appetite ratings to calculate the satiety quotient. Satiation was assessed by intake at ad libitum meals. Hedonic measures of explicit liking (subjective ratings) and implicit wanting (speed of forced choice) for an array of HFLC and LFHC foods were also tested before and after isoenergetic HFLC and LFHC meals. The satiety quotient was greater after ad libitum and isoenergetic meals during the LFHC condition compared with the HFLC condition (P = 0·006 and P = 0·001, respectively), whereas ad libitum energy intake was lower in the LFHC condition (P < 0·001). Importantly, the LFHC meal also reduced explicit liking (P < 0·001) and implicit wanting (P = 0·011) for HFLC foods compared with the isoenergetic HFLC meal, which failed to suppress the hedonic appeal of subsequent HFLC foods. Therefore, when coupled with increased satiety and lower energy intake, the greater suppression of hedonic appeal for high-fat food seen with LFHC foods provides a further mechanism for why these foods promote better short-term appetite control than HFLC foods.Key words: Explicit liking: Implicit wanting: Macronutrient composition: Energy intake: Satiety: Food hedonicsThe role of dietary carbohydrate in the aetiology and treatment of obesity is controversial, with some arguing that carbohydrate intake has a more prominent role in promoting overconsumption and weight gain than dietary fat (1,2) . Although this view has been strongly debated (3) , it has long been established that dietary macronutrients exert a hierarchical effect on appetite-related processes such as satiety and short-term food intake (4) . When expressed relative to energy content rather than weight of food, protein exerts the strongest effect on satiety, followed by carbohydrate, whilst fat exerts the weakest effect (5) . This hierarchical effect has been demonstrated under a variety of laboratory and free-living conditions using subjective measures of appetite, biomarkers of satiety and food intake (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . However, the underlying metabolic and, in particular, behavioural mechanisms that promote overconsumption following the consumption of energy-dense, high-fat foods are not well understood.The differential effects of dietary macronutrients on satiety may relate to differences in pre-ingestive cognitive and sensory signals generated at the time of consumption (12) and/or the post-ingestive metabolic effects of these foods (13)(14)(15) . However, recent evidence suggests that the...

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“…Table 1. The potential determinants of weight status after using slimming diet in obese subjects (11) (24) showed that compared with the low carbohydrate diet, the low-fat diet induced significantly larger decreases in cravings for high-fat foods. No evidence was found to support the belief that restricting intake of certain foods could lead to increased craving for these foods (25) .…”

Section: Potential Determinants Of Continued Low Weight Status After mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown by one study that body-weight loss and low weight-gain depend on the high-protein content of the diet, rather than the lowcarbohydrate component, while it is unrelated to the concomitant fat-content of the diet (47) . Furthermore, the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, which was recommended by Champagne et al (48) and Svetkey et al (43) for the weight reduction phase, encourages intakes of fruit, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains and discourages intakes of red and processed meats and saturated fat. Unlike the Mediterranean diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, in addition, discourages sodium and sugar-sweetened beverages and encourages the intake of low-fat dairy, and has no specific alcohol recommendation (8) .…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Energy Restriction and Macronutrient Composmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term weight status in regainers after weight loss by lifestyle intervention: status and challenges

et al. 2014

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After having participated in a weight loss trial, most participants do not stabilise the obtained weight loss but return to their initial weight. The aim of this review is to describe the main determinants of continued low weight status after weight loss, and the effectiveness of physical activity (PA), energy restriction and macronutrient composition of the diet for low long-term weight regain. Studies with intervention periods of at least 3 months duration of weight reduction measures and a follow-up at least 2 years after the intervention period were considered as eligible for the review. Owing to limited data, the studies describing the role of PA in weight management were eligible with a follow-up of 1 year only. It appears that a diet with self-regulation of dietary intake seems to be given a prominent role in the strategy of successful long-term weight loss among the obese. This measure could be combined with behaviour therapy and PA and tailored to the individual situation. However, considering available evidence it is difficult to conclude regarding unambiguous measures and to recommend a specific dietary intervention. Nevertheless, interventions should be effective in promoting intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy. The harmonisation and standardisation of data collection in the follow-up period of long-term weight loss studies is a major challenge.

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Change in Food Cravings, Food Preferences, and Appetite During a Low‐Carbohydrate and Low‐Fat Diet

Cited by 162 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of 6-Month Weight Loss New Program on Anthropometric Measurements and Biological Profile

Effects of 6-Month Weight Loss New Program on Anthropometric Measurements and Biological Profile

Differing effects of high-fat or high-carbohydrate meals on food hedonics in overweight and obese individuals

Long-term weight status in regainers after weight loss by lifestyle intervention: status and challenges

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