Change in Age at Diagnosis of Oropharyngeal Cancer in the United States, 1975–2016

Cline, Brittany J.; Simpson, Matthew C.; Gropler, Matthew C.; Bukatko, Aleksandr R.; Boakye, Eric Adjei; Mohammed, Kahee A.; Osazuwa-Peters, Nosayaba

doi:10.3390/cancers12113191

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Similar results have recently been reported from the USA with a slightly different methodology and timeframe [ 16 ]. The group reported steadily increasing age among non-oropharyngeal cancers, whereas oropharyngeal cancers demonstrated a fluctuating age development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center

Vahl

Wigand

Denkinger

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Background: The impact of demographic change on the age at diagnosis in German head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is unclear. Here we present an evaluation of aging trends in HNC at a tertiary referral center. Methods: Retrospective cohort study on aging trends at the initial diagnosis of newly diagnosed patients with HNC between 2004 and 2018 at the head and neck cancer center Ulm in relation to demographic data of the catchment area. Results: The study population consisted of 2450 individuals diagnosed with HNC with a mean age of 62.84 (±11.67) years. We observed a significant increase in annual incidence rates and mean age over time. Mean age among HNC patients increased significantly more than among the population in the catchment area. Whereas the incidence rate of patients <50 years did not change, the incidence of HNC patients aged ≥70 years increased the most. The mean patient age in the main tumor sites increased significantly. Surprisingly, HPV-positive patients were not younger than HPV-negative patients, but showed a non-significant trend towards a higher mean age (63.0 vs. 60.7 years). Conclusions: Increasing incidence rates in older patients pose a challenge for health care systems. A nationwide study is needed to assess the dynamics and impact of aging on the incidence of HNC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…On the other hand, in the total cohort of OPSCC patients there was also no significant trend towards increasing mean age if the analysis was limited to the period from 2012 to 2018. Results from the SEER database [ 16 ] and from other studies [ 13 , 20 ] also challenge the paradigm of the generally younger HPV-positive patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center

Vahl

Wigand

Denkinger

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Recent studies suggest a large incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) within the American population as well as a link between HPV and OPC [ 7 , 27 , 28 ]. Oral cancer screening does not prevent OPC, but rather it is a means to early detection which increases the chance of survival [ 11 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Lives Matter: A Decomposition of Racial Inequalities in Oral Cancer Screening

Lam

Jamieson

Mittinty

2021

Cancers

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(1) Background: The Black Lives Matter movement has highlighted the discrepancies in public health in regard to race. This study aims to investigate tools that can be used to analyze and investigate this discrepancy, which can be applied to policymaking. (2) Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011-2018 was combined (N = 22,617) to investigate discrepancies of oral cancer screening in Black Americans. We give examples of counterfactual techniques that can be used to guide policy. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to remove all measured confounding in an interaction analysis to assess the combined effect of socioeconomic status and race. Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition was then used to investigate the intervenable factors associated with differences in race. (3) Results: Sub-additive interaction was found on additive and multiplicative scales when all measured confounding was removed via IPTW (relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI)(OR) = −0.55 (−0.67–−0.42)). Decomposition analysis found that 32% of the discrepancy could be explained by characteristics of higher education and poverty status. (4) Conclusions: Black Americans in poverty are less likely to seek oral cancer screening than the additive likelihood would suggest. Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition is a strong tool to use for guiding policy as it quantifies clear breakdowns of what intervenable factors there are that would improve the discrepancy the most.

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“…These results maybe correlated to a higher degree of smoking and alcohol consuming in men vs females [15]. Despite advances in diagnostics, treatment, and close follow-up by serum Tumor Markers, the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) or survival rates for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) disease -have not significantly changed over the past years [3][4][5]24]. Recent treatments include NIVOLUMAB -B and PEMBROLIZUMAB -C, in addition to formerly used Methotrexate, Docetaxel and Cetuximab [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and survival prediction by tumor markers in head and neck cancer patients

Meirovitz¹,

Gross²,

Leibovici³

et al. 2021

Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Background: Establishing prognostic factors is very important in treatment of cancer patients. In Head and Neck Cancer-(HNC) patients, diagnosis occurs usually in already advanced disease, therefore, there is a special need to early detect the disease and its recurrence. Aim:We aimed to evaluate the survival (OS, DFS) and its prediction by a panel of serum Tumor Markers: CEA (Carcino Embryonic Antigen), SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen), TPS (Tissue Polypeptide Specific Antigen), CYFRA 21-1 (Cytokeratin 19 Fragment) and sIL-2R (soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor) in HNC patients, for establishing prognosis in those patients. Patients and methods:We evaluated 293 blood samples from 194 HNC patients. Blood Tumor Markers levels were evaluated by conventional ELISA assays, at the first date of diagnosis and during follow-up. Comparison of marker levels between 76 healthy subjects and HNC patients, alive vs dead, response to therapy and survival -were performed.Results: Significantly lower levels of all Tumor Markers were demonstrated in patients alive, as opposed to all those who died. HNC patients who died 0-24 m after entering the study, were found to be the most sensitive time parameter to evaluate, as compared to 0-12 m, 0-36m, 0-48m or 0-60 m. We compared the alive and dead patients according to gender and found more male patients than females. Serum levels of all Tumor Markers of our panel were higher before therapy and decreased significantly thereafter, in patients responding to various therapies. The Tumor Markers sIL-2R and Cyfra 21-1 levels, were best correlated to prediction of patient's survival. Patients having low levels had the best clinical outcome and a longer survival -according to ROC analysis. Conclusion:CEA, SCC, TPS, CYFRA 21-1 and sIL-2R are all useful Tumor Markers in the management of HNC patients. They assessed response to therapy, were prognostic for recurrence earlier than CT and predicted survival. From our panel of Tumor Markers, sIL-2R and Cyfra 21-1, proved to be the most sensitive predictors of advanced disease with poor prognosis vs those with a good and longer survival.

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Change in Age at Diagnosis of Oropharyngeal Cancer in the United States, 1975–2016

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center

Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center

Black Lives Matter: A Decomposition of Racial Inequalities in Oral Cancer Screening

Prognosis and survival prediction by tumor markers in head and neck cancer patients

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