Challenges, opportunities, and a research roadmap for downwind wind turbines

Bortolotti, Pietro; Ivanov, Hristo; Johnson, Nick; Barter, Garrett; Veers, Paul S.; Namura, Nobuo

doi:10.1002/we.2676

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, several different, and to some extent new, turbine types are being investigated to either address the challenges of modern wind blades (e.g., technical, manufacturing, logistical, or others) or to develop machines tailored for new environments such as extreme-scale designs, shallow-water offshore, and design for floating offshore conditions. As a result, designers and developers are investigating a number of new turbine rotor types including two-bladed designs [12], downwind architectures [11], [18], and vertical axis rotors [13], [19], in contrast to the conventional three-bladed, upwind, horizontal axis rotor. Fig.…”

Section: Materials Selection and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longer and more slender, flexible blades are also more susceptible to aero-elastic instability [9], [10]. To explore new markets and to address these technical, logistical, and manufacturing challenges, several new turbine concepts have IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1293/1/012002 2 been investigated (downwind [11], two-bladed [12], vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) [13]) and new material systems (pultrusion [8], among others) are being investigated. For operating machines, digitization has grown in the wind energy field including the use of digital twins [14]- [16] for operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite materials in wind energy: design, manufacturing, operation, and end-of-life

Griffith,

Cao,

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Wind energy has consistently grown over recent decades and has grown in many aspects including in terms of installed capacities, turbine size, blade length, and grid penetration. Along with this, wind energy is one of the largest producers of composite structures, and as a result is one of the largest users of composite materials. For wind energy applications, composite materials require high reliability, low-cost, and near-term and future industry goals are to reuse or recycle composite materials. These requirements are quite challenging as wind energy faces a challenging operating environment, which puts great pressure on wind blade materials over their entire life cycle. This paper aims to examine the challenges of composite materials for wind energy applications, and to highlight a few research studies that offer potential new solutions and new insights across the entire life cycle of composites for wind energy systems ranging from the design phase, to manufacturing, to operation, and finally to the end-of-life phase.

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Section: Materials Selection and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite materials in wind energy: design, manufacturing, operation, and end-of-life

Griffith,

Cao,

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Their working status is closely related to the overall efficiency of wind power generation. And they are related to whether they can provide safe and reliable electricity for the lives of the general public [6].…”

Section: Nomenclature G(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Reliability Evaluation and Life Prediction of Transmission System of Multi-Performance Degraded Wind Turbine

Yuan¹,

Chen²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Computer Modeling in Engineering &Amp; Sciences

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Wind power is a kind of important green energy. Thus, wind turbines have been widely utilized around the world. Wind turbines are composed of many important components. Among these components, the failure rate of the transmission system is relatively high in wind turbines. It is because the components are subjected to aerodynamic loads for a long time. In addition, its inertial load will result in fatigue fracture, wear and other problems. In this situation, wind turbines have to be repaired at a higher cost. Moreover, the traditional reliability methods are difficult to deal with the above challenges when performing the reliability analysis of the transmission system of wind turbines. To solve this problem, a stress-strength interference model based on performance degradation is introduced. Based on considering the strength degradation of each component, the improved Monte Carlo method simulation based on the Back Propagation neural network is used to obtain the curve of system reliability over time. Finally, the Miner linear cumulative damage theory and the Carten-Dolan cumulative damage theory method are used to calculate the cumulative damage and fatigue life of the gear transmission system.

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“…The most popular options are then a tail fin or the use of a downwind rotor, e.g., SD Wind (SD Wind Energy, n.d.), Skystream (XZERES Wind Turbines, n.d.), Carter Wind (Carter Wind Energy, n.d.), and others. The downwind configuration solution is experiencing a revival for some specific applications in utility-scale machines, especially for floating offshore applications (Bortolotti et al, 2021). For larger turbines, the same yaw-drive technology in use for utilityscale machines is instead being increasingly applied.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and grand challenges for small wind turbine technology

Bianchini

Bangga²,

Baring-Gould³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. While modern wind turbines have become by far the largest rotating machines on Earth with further upscaling planned for the future, a renewed interest in small wind turbines is fostering energy transition and smart grid development. Small machines have traditionally not received the same level of aerodynamic refinement of their larger counterparts, resulting in lower efficiency, lower capacity factors, and therefore a higher cost of energy. In an effort to reduce this gap, research programmes are developing worldwide. With this background, the scope of the present study is twofold. In the first part of this paper, an overview of the current status of the technology is presented in terms of technical maturity, diffusion, and cost. The second part of the study proposes five grand challenges that are thought to be key to fostering the development of small wind turbine technology in the near future, i.e.: (1) improve energy conversion of modern SWTs through better design and control, especially in the case of turbulent wind; (2) better predict long-term turbine performance with limited resource measurements and prove reliability; (3) improve the economic viability of small wind energy; (4) facilitate the contribution of SWTs to the energy demand and electrical system integration; (5) foster engagement, social acceptance, and deployment for global distributed wind markets. To tackle these challenges, a series of unknowns and gaps are first identified and discussed. Based on them, improvement areas are suggested within which ten key enabling actions are finally proposed.

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Challenges, opportunities, and a research roadmap for downwind wind turbines

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Composite materials in wind energy: design, manufacturing, operation, and end-of-life

Composite materials in wind energy: design, manufacturing, operation, and end-of-life

Dynamic Reliability Evaluation and Life Prediction of Transmission System of Multi-Performance Degraded Wind Turbine

Current status and grand challenges for small wind turbine technology

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