Challenges of sustainable tourism development in the developing world: the case of Turkey

Tosun, Cevat

doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(00)00060-1

Cited by 334 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, the Ministry of Tourism may not tolerate any bureaucratic department trespassing on what it regards as its territory. Ultimately, this may create a lack of co-ordination amongst agencies (Tosun, 1998a). Clearly, under such bureaucratic structure operating a co-ordinated strategy may demand ministers to reduce their range of responsibilities, and thus their role to o!er patronage to their clients; both of which are not acceptable for them.…”

Section: E Centralization Of Public Administration Of Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an example is the recent construction of the Ramada Hotel Varca in southern Goa, India, which violated both the maximum height and minimum distance from the sea criteria' (Cater, 1991, p. 12). In some developing countries such as Turkey and Mexico local indigenous communities' right to use public places such as beaches and sea is violated by tourism operators (see Long, 1991;Tosun, 1998a). In the context of developing countries, it is contended that the state has not usually been the expression of societies.…”

Section: E Elite Dominationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries

2000

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This study deals with a normative concept of participatory development approach, which originates in the developed world. In particular, it analyses and explains the limitations to the participatory tourism development approach in the context of developing countries. It was found that there are operational, structural and cultural limits to community participation in the TDP in many developing countries although they do not equally exist in every tourist destination. Moreover, while these limits tend to exhibit higher intensity and greater persistence in the developing world than in the developed world, they appear to be a re#ection of prevailing socio-political, economic and cultural structure in many developing countries. On the other hand, it was also found that although these limitations may vary over time according to types, scale and levels of tourism development, the market served, and cultural attributes of local communities, forms and scale of tourism developed are beyond the control of local communities. It concludes that formulating and implementing the participatory tourism development approach requires a total change in sociopolitical, legal, administrative and economic structure of many developing countries, for which hard political choices and logical decisions based on cumbersome social, economic and environmental trade-o!s are sine qua non alongside deliberate help, collaboration and co-operation of major international donor agencies, NGOs, international tour operators and multinational companies.

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Section: E Centralization Of Public Administration Of Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Elite Dominationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries

2000

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“…Besides some basic principles of a sustainable tourism development mentioned earlier, including local economic growth enhancement, poverty reduction, and self-esteem gaining of local poor [58], we further discuss another three sustainability related problems of RTTAP development. In fact, the problems are also possible challenges for RTTAP development.…”

Section: Sustainability Of the Rttap Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second is the structure of public administration which is always regarded as a challenge of sustainable tourism development in the developing world [58]. As analyzed in 4.3, the network governance structure is a centralized-decentralization one, and the leader for anti-poverty is designated by ASCOAH.…”

Section: Sustainability Of the Rttap Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovating Rural Tourism Targeting Poverty Alleviation through a Multi-Industries Integration Network: the Case of Zhuanshui Village, Anhui Province, China

et al. 2018

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Abstract:For an impoverished area to employ rural tourism (RT) as an avenue of poverty alleviation, there are two main challenges: building competitiveness with a very limited endowed resource base, and targeting the poor who generally lack financial capital or key capabilities as the main beneficiaries. With a case of Zhuanshui in China, an impoverished village without prominent tourism resource endowment, this paper has shown that the two challenges can be met through an innovation to construct a multi-industries integration network. This paper explores the development of the network, examines its characteristics, and analyzes its operation mechanisms. Results indicate that (1) the common objective of poverty alleviation and the same fundamental resource, combine RT and its extension industries tightly into an integration network; (2) sufficient evidence has been found for the embeddedness, endogeneity and empowerment of the network, but for empowerment, the poor's participation is just the first stage to make appropriate decisions about the development due to their inadequate capabilities; and (3) vision developing, demonstration driving and centralized decentralization governance are three vital operational mechanisms to encourage the participation and collaboration of stakeholders. We also discussed the possible challenges for sustainability, being replicability of established competitive advantages, temporality of the major leader, and potential environmental degradation.

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“…These aspects can be tackled by introducing principles of sustainability in the design of tourism activities in order to make tourism « […] ecologically sustainable in the long term and capable of generating economic benefits ethically and socially equal for the local communities» (WTO and UNEP, 1995). But the possibilities of the local community to participate in the benefits created by tourism development are the result of a careful design which takes into consideration the impacts generated by the initiatives themselves, the political and economic conditions of the area (Tosun, 2001) and the need/request for participation by the local population. Relative to the latter aspect, in the statement by Lanzarote (Charter of Sustainable Tourism, 1995) it is specified that: «The active contribution of tourism to sustainable development necessarily presupposes the solidarity, mutual respect and participation of all the actors, both public and private, implicated in the process, and must be based on efficient cooperation mechanisms at all levels: local, national, regional and international» (WTO and UNEP, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possibilities for the Development of Tourism in the Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri Lagonegrese National Park: A Participative Qualitative-Quantitative Approach

et al. 2012

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SummaryProtected areas can represent a strategic laboratory for the realisation of initiatives capable of promoting sustainable economic development models at a local level. One of the duties of national parks is to provide value and promote, even for tourism purposes, natural, historical and cultural resources subject to restrictions in the territory. This contribution describes the research process activated for the definition of a tourism development strategy in the youngest Italian national parks, the Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri Lagonegrese located in Basilicata. This is a protected area which has not yet been developed from a tourism point of view and it has an "eclectic" naturalist value characterised by flora on one hand and significant fauna on the other, as well as a subsoil rich in hydrocarbons (the largest deposit on continental Europe). In light of this typicality for the area, research favoured a participative type qualitative-quantitative approach, involving both local stakeholders, for exploration of the area's potential and definition of possible tourism development scenarios, and actual or potential users interested in the area, for assessment of the proposed alternatives. The information and data collected allowed, on one hand, the identification of major critical areas which currently make tourism in the area an activity that is still economically marginal with respect to the local structured economic system, and on the other hand, identification of some themes around which to build a competitive tourism product in line with market demands in observance of sustainability. Through a contingent assessment exercise it was possible to understand what the preferences are with respect to different hypotheses of the tourism offer in the area for current and potential tourists involved in the survey and, at the same time, to identify some elements to examine in order to improve attractiveness. Keywords AbstractProtected areas can represent a strategic laboratory for the realisation of initiatives capable of promoting sustainable economic development models at a local level. One of the duties of national parks is to provide value and promote, even for tourism purposes, natural, historical and cultural resources subject to restrictions in the territory. This contribution describes the research process activated for the definition of a tourism development strategy in the youngest Italian national parks, the Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri Lagonegrese located in Basilicata. This is a protected area which has not yet been developed from a tourism point of view and it has an "eclectic" naturalist value characterised by flora on one hand and significant fauna on the other, as well as a subsoil rich in hydrocarbons (the largest deposit on continental Europe). In light of this typicality for the area, research favoured a participative type qualitative-quantitative approach, involving both local stakeholders, for exploration of the area's potential and definition of possible tourism development scenarios, and actu...

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Challenges of sustainable tourism development in the developing world: the case of Turkey

Cited by 334 publications

References 26 publications

Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries

Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries

Innovating Rural Tourism Targeting Poverty Alleviation through a Multi-Industries Integration Network: the Case of Zhuanshui Village, Anhui Province, China

The Possibilities for the Development of Tourism in the Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri Lagonegrese National Park: A Participative Qualitative-Quantitative Approach

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