Challenges of congenital malformations

Emordi, Victor Chekwube; Osifo, David O.

doi:10.1097/01.xps.0000522257.34234.7d

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Commonly, nulliparity and first birth order as in our study are associated. Environmental risk factors which may not be looked for and biological differences in a nuliparous uterus are said to account for this higher prevalence [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Pattern and Outcome of Congenital Malformations among Neonates Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Yenagoa

Tunde-Oremodu

Okosun

Idholo

et al. 2021

IJTDH

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Background: Congenital malformations (CM) are significant causes of childhood morbidity and mortality impacting negatively on the affected family’s emotional and financial life. It also results in an enormous burden on a nation’s health and socio-economic systems. However, few studies on CM have emanated from developing countries including Nigeria and specifically from Yenagoa, Bayelsa State which is located in the oil rich Niger Delta region. We therefore analyzed the prevalence, pattern and outcome of management of babies with CM seen at the Neonatal unit (SCBU) of the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa. This could be used as evidence for policy makers to develop and implement CM surveillance, prevention and supportive programs. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study of all neonates with CM admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) over a one year period from 1st February 2017 to 31st January 2018. Identification and confirmation of congenital anomalies was done by physical examination, diagnostic investigations and surgical interventions. The conditions were classified organ and system-wise except for the chromosomal abnormalities. The prevalence and pattern of defects were determined, while factors related to the outcome of the anomalies were calculated with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Data entry and analysis were performed using excel and SPSS version 22. Results: Among the 502 newborn admissions during the study period, congenital anomalies were found in 61 newborns, giving a prevalence rate of 12.2% with a female preponderance of 55.7%. The commonest CM were those related to the cardiovascular system (47.5%) followed by the digestive system (32.8%) then musculoskeletal system (19.7%). The mean duration of care was 9.7± 9.0 days with mortality of 30.5% recorded at that period. Babies with CM affecting the cardiovascular system and chromosomal anomalies were less likely to survive although these relationships were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, duration of care showed a statistically significant relationship with outcome as babies who spent one day and less in the neonatal unit had reduced odds of a favourable outcome (OR – 0.07). An increased odd of survival (OR – 2.09) was seen in babies with only one congenital birth defect. Conclusion: A high prevalence of Congenital malformations in newborns was demonstrated in this study. This has highlighted the need for a well-designed surveillance, prevention and supportive hospital, State and National programme for affected babies and their families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Pattern and Outcome of Congenital Malformations among Neonates Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Yenagoa

Tunde-Oremodu

Okosun

Idholo

et al. 2021

IJTDH

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“…This exposes the lateral head of the talus, which is easily palpable upon clinical examination. include alteration in gene expression, cell migration and differentiation, and histogenes is [34,35].…”

Section: Navicularmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal folate insufficiency increases the risk of having a baby with a neural tube defect (spina bifida and anencephaly), while excessive vitamin A intake may affect the normal development of an embryo or fetus. Deficiencies of other vitamins and minerals such as zinc have been implicated in the aetiology of some congenital malformations [34].…”

Section: Maternal Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Worldwide historically, the role of the supernatural had been in the forefront of aetiological considerations but has changed with advances in embryology and teratology. However, the role of the supernatural in the aetiology of congenital malformations still has a stronghold in many African settings and this poses an enormous psychosocial challenge for the affected [34].…”

Section: Theories Of Aetiogenesis Of Congenital Talipes Equinovarusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced maternal age increases the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome [32]. Young maternal age increases the risk of malformations such as gastroschisis [34].…”

Section: Demographic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital Talipes Equinovarus: A Review

Dim¹,

Edagha²,

Peter³

et al. 2022

J Orthop Surg Tech

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An Abnormal anatomical variation of any part of the body is a predictor of functional aberration of that part. Congenital talipes equinovarus imposes some functional compromise on the foot, resulting in structural adaptation or modification of the local anatomy in conformity with the direction of the structural stress that subserves the abnormal function. The foot deformities of congenital talipes equinovarus interfere with the locomotive ability of the individual by alteration of gait biomechanical parameters, leading to an imbalance in the gait. Evidence suggests that 80% of infants with congenital talipes equinovarus deformity live in developing countries. The aim of this review article is to promote the awareness of congenital talipes equinovarus deformity among the health care providers' population within the study locality. A review of the literature on the subject of congenital talipes equinovarus deformity was done. Anatomical perspectives, epidemiological information, aetiological factors, patho-anatomy and treatment of congenital talipes equinovarus were extracted and presented.

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