Challenges of big data adoption in Malaysia SMEs based on Lessig’s modalities: A systematic review

Abstract

This study aims to review the challenges of implementing big data analytics by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) in Malaysia. There is a lack of literature studies examining the relationship between Lessig's four modalities and the challenges of big data analytics adoption. This study assesses the implementation of Lessig's Four Modalities for the adoption of big data analytics in Malaysia SMEs based on literature review findings. To identify the challenges of applying big data analytics in Malaysian SMEs, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases, journals, Google Scholar, and IEEE publications. This research provides practical insights into the challenges of dealing with big data in SMEs. It is envisioned that Lessig's four modalities proposed in this study, namely legal, architecture, social, and market factors, can be applied by Malaysian SMEs to adopt big data analytics.

Data Science for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Structured Literature Review

“…Insufficient infrastructure is mentioned in three of the eight publications, with a clear emphasis on the difficulty posed by BD specifically, owing to the sheer size of the data and the subsequent requirement for sufficient server equipment [1], [11]. The aim is to handle and interpret data swiftly and efficiently; however, many SMEs are challenged in this regard, as they do not have adequate transmission and storage infrastructure or computing power because of financial constraints [12].…”

“…Data privacy and security concerns: Data is often stored in the cloud, which poses a unique threat: the data might be sensitive in nature, and could be exploited if it is not securely stored [10]. This adds another dimension to the problem, which might require legal expertise -a rare commodity in SMEs in developing countries [11], [12].…”

“…Social challenges were mentioned in four of the eight publications, emphasising the importance of organisational culture for the successful adoption of DS. Resistance to change and to adapting to I4.0 in general is proving to be a large stumbling block for many SMEs, thus highlighting the importance of having the full support of management [11], [12], [15], [16]. Moreover, there is a shortage of data experts at executive level in many developing countries; and this could lead to a lack of strategic leadership, which is seen as one of the main reasons why SMEs in developing countries are not implementing DS [16].…”

“…Access to software is a major stumbling block for SMEs, given the high cost and level of expertise required to implement these DS software solutions [11], [12], [14], [16]. There are less complicated solutions on the market, but their usefulness is questioned [12].…”

Challenges in big data adoption for Malaysian organizations: a review

“…However, there are limited studies concerning challenges faced by Malaysian organization. A study in 2021 [13], reviewed the challenges faced by Malaysian firm based on the Lessig's modalities which view the challenges based on the legal, architecture, social, and market factors. Although this study has provided several insights into the big data implementation in Malaysia, it is important to note that the information presented primarily focuses on a managerial and socioeconomic standpoint.…”