Challenges in Virtual Testing of Autonomous Vehicles

Abstract

The worldwide development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has also encouraged the use of software simulators for virtual testing of AVs. However, the effectiveness of the AV simulators is constrained by numerous challenges, such as their computational cost and lack of fidelity in specific areas. In this paper, we describe the modality of virtual testing and its benefits for AV development and validation. Moreover, we summarize and provide an overview of the state-of-the-art AV simulators, their limitations, and the current directions toward improvement.

An Evaluation Method for Automated Vehicles Combining Subjective and Objective Factors

“…The testing and evaluation of automated vehicles can be performed on real roads or in virtual environments [38]. Considering that several millions of test kilometers must be completed to effectively test and evaluate automated vehicles [39], it can be concluded that the real testing and evaluation of automated vehicles are limited by factors such as cost, time, and scalability [40]. Thereby, the virtual environment was first adopted to test and evaluate automated vehicles in this paper to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.…”