Challenges in the measurement of emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from livestock sector

Larios, Araceli Dalila; Brar, Satinder Kaur; Ramírez, Antonio Avalos; Godbout, Stéphane; Sandoval-Salas, Fabiola; Palacios, Joahnn H.

doi:10.1007/s11157-016-9394-x

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Passive flux samplers (PFSs) are commonly employed in environmental studies to measure toxic or greenhouse gases emitted from animal slaughterhouses [68][69][70], greenhouses [71], and building materials [72], which was later adapted to sample VOCs emanating from skin [62]. So-called passive sampling devices (PSDs) consist of a small stainless-steel plate, a trapping filter that contains an extractive phase to extract relatively volatile analytes, a PTFE O-ring creating a headspace between the extractive phase and skin surface, and a back-up plate.…”

Section: Passive Flux Samplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Non-Invasive Biological Surface Sampling and Emerging Applications

Nalbant

Boyacı

2019

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Biological surfaces such as skin and ocular surface provide a plethora of information about the underlying biological activity of living organisms. However, they pose unique problems arising from their innate complexity, constant exposure of the surface to the surrounding elements, and the general requirement of any sampling method to be as minimally invasive as possible. Therefore, it is challenging but also rewarding to develop novel analytical tools that are suitable for in vivo and in situ sampling from biological surfaces. In this context, wearable extraction devices including passive samplers, extractive patches, and different microextraction technologies come forward as versatile, low-invasive, fast, and reliable sampling and sample preparation tools that are applicable for in vivo and in situ sampling. This review aims to address recent developments in non-invasive in vivo and in situ sampling methods from biological surfaces that introduce new ways and improve upon existing ones. Directions for the development of future technology and potential areas of applications such as clinical, bioanalytical, and doping analyses will also be discussed. These advancements include various types of passive samplers, hydrogels, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) patches/microarrays, and other wearable extraction devices used mainly in skin sampling, among other novel techniques developed for ocular surface and oral tissue/fluid sampling.

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Section: Passive Flux Samplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Non-Invasive Biological Surface Sampling and Emerging Applications

Nalbant

Boyacı

2019

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“…Estimating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural sources encounters several obstacles. For example, there are substantial spatial and temporal variations among sources, and most of the methodologies available require complex and expensive equipment making it difficult to sample a significant number of farms (Larios et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016). In order to estimate emissions accurately, it is necessary to use precise, reproducible, robust and economic methods (Berndt & Tomkins, 2013;FAO, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of passive flux samplers based on adsorption to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources

Larios

Godbout

Brar

et al. 2018

Biosystems Engineering

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Passive flux samplers (PFSs) packed with adsorbents are used to estimate gaseous emissions. A key condition of their use is maintaining a linear relationship between internal and external air velocities. The performance of PFSs designs depends on the characteristics of the adsorption bed and on the sampler design. The parameters required to enable PFSs to estimate greenhouse (GHG) emissions from agricultural sources were studied. The effect of the particle size of the adsorbent used as collector medium was analyzed theoretically using the Ergun equation. Three orifice plates with 0.5, 0.7 and 1 mm bore diameter were evaluated in order to determine the most appropriate diameter to control air flow through a new passive flux sampler (PFS) prototype while maintaining adequate linearity between internal and external air velocity. The effect of the adsorbent bed thickness (19, 50, 100 and 200 mm) on the internal-external air velocity relationship in the PFS was evaluated. The best performance was obtained using the 0.7 mm orifice plate and an adsorbent bed thickness of 50 mm. Spherical adsorbents with high adsorption capacity are recommended in order to decrease the adsorbent bed thickness and improve sampling performance. A series of experiments showed that the estimated mass flow obtained by the developed PFS was close to the confidence interval of values obtained by direct detection. Thus, the developed PFS can be used as a tool for the estimating of GHG emissions from agricultural sources.

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“…Moreover, there are substantial spatial and temporal variations among sources, which are often not considered in the estimation of emission factors used to integrate local and global inventories (FAO 2014;Larios et al 2016). Therefore, lack of appropriate, robust, and economic methodologies has been recently identified (Berndt and Tomkins 2013;FAO 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters determining the use of zeolite 5A as collector medium in passive flux samplers to estimate N2O emissions from livestock sources

Larios

Brar

Ramírez

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Challenges in the measurement of emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from livestock sector

Cited by 13 publications

References 58 publications

Advancements in Non-Invasive Biological Surface Sampling and Emerging Applications

Advancements in Non-Invasive Biological Surface Sampling and Emerging Applications

Development of passive flux samplers based on adsorption to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources

Parameters determining the use of zeolite 5A as collector medium in passive flux samplers to estimate N2O emissions from livestock sources

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