Challenges in Quantum Key Distribution

Hong, Kah Wing; Foong, Oi-Mean; Low, Tang Jung

doi:10.1145/3026724.3026738

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We review prominent QKD protocols, including BB84 and E91. [1][2][3] BB84 encodes a random bit string onto photons in rectilinear or diagonal bases. After transmission, both parties measure the photons in randomly chosen bases and discard bits with different bases to obtain a shared secret key.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Party Quantum Key Distribution Using Variational Quantum Eigensolvers

Sihare

2023

Adv Quantum Tech

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The research paper introduces a novel approach to multi‐party quantum key distribution using variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs). The protocol aims to establish secure communication among multiple parties in a quantum network. The paper outlines a comprehensive framework incorporating quantum state preparation, VQE‐based key generation, error correction, and privacy amplification circuits. Mathematical formulations guide the design of quantum gates, variational parameters, and error correction codes. The protocol utilizes quantum entanglement, VQE optimization, and classical operations for error correction and secure key extraction. The paper's experimental focus involves implementing the proposed protocol on a quantum computer, analyzing security metrics such as mutual information and min‐entropy, and simulating circuit outcomes.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Party Quantum Key Distribution Using Variational Quantum Eigensolvers

Sihare

2023

Adv Quantum Tech

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“…Security Based on Quantum Mechanics QKD relies on quantum mechanical properties to ensure security; for instance, quantum state collapse during measurement, irreversibility of measurement, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the no cloning theorem, and entanglement [5,7]. When a quantum state is measured, the state collapses into one of the possible states and cannot be reversed.…”

Section: Qkd Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For quantum entanglement, when two particles are entangled, they are linked in such a way that measuring one particle will instantaneously affect the state of the other particle, regardless of distance. Furthermore, the state of either particle cannot be predicted prior to measurement [7]. Entangled particles follow the property that if the measurement of each particle is performed in the same basis, then their results will be anti-correlated.…”

Section: Qkd Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This way, Eve can measure the extra photons without alerting Alice and Bob. Eve may also block all single photons from reaching Bob to ensure only the multi-photon pulses are used [7]. One method of combatting this attack includes using decoy states that Eve cannot easily distinguish from the real states, so she will make detectable changes to the decoy state yield [16][17][18].…”

Section: Practical Implementation Attacks and Decoy Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Wavelength Quantum Key Distribution Emulation with Physical Unclonable Function

et al. 2022

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This work details the theory and implementation of a multi-wavelength quantum key distribution (QKD) emulation system with a physical unclonable function (PUF). Multi-wavelength QKD can eliminate the need to share a subsection of the final key for eavesdropper detection and allow for ternary and quaternary data transmission. The inclusion of the PUF adds an additional layer of security. We provide preliminary error analysis of our emulation system. To support this work, we introduce a bitwise transform operator that enables binary output of the PUF to satisfy the ternary and quaternary input requirements of the QKD system.

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“…Quantum cryptography represents one of the most promising schemes for data protection in the quantum era [1,2,3]. Together with post-quantum cryptography techniques which have been selected by NIST [4], Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is emerging as one of the most secure schemes to deal with quantum computers that are capable of executing the cryptanalytic algorithm for factoring large integer numbers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QKD Reconciliation System Using Conjugate Frames in the Presence of Near-Unity Error Rates

Lizama-Pérez¹,

Morán-Ramírez²,

López-Romero³

2022

Preprint

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Previously, using the conjugate frame-based reconciliation approach, we defined a method to correct errors produced in pairs of non-orthogonal quantum states that are transmitted through a quantum key distribution (QKD) link. The security of the frame-based reconciliation was discussed in order to deal with Photon Number Division (PNS) attack and Intercept and Forward (IR) attack, among others. However, until the time of publication we did not have the distillation software to test our method. In this article, following the conjugate frame distillation method, we present the implementation of the post-processing system that demonstrates that it is capable of correcting errors in the presence of error rates close to unity. The system shows that when the number of double-sensing events at Bob's station is as low as 100, the number of secret bits stays above 4500 bits in about 12 seconds, giving a secret rate of 375 bits per second while that the channel error rate reaches 90\%.

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Challenges in Quantum Key Distribution

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Multi‐Party Quantum Key Distribution Using Variational Quantum Eigensolvers

Multi‐Party Quantum Key Distribution Using Variational Quantum Eigensolvers

Multi-Wavelength Quantum Key Distribution Emulation with Physical Unclonable Function

QKD Reconciliation System Using Conjugate Frames in the Presence of Near-Unity Error Rates

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