Challenges in nanoelectronics

Abstract

Abstract. The size of electronic devices has been decreasing to nanometer size regime which requires quantum mechanics to understand its operation and optimization. Many features associated with quantum effects are not all desirable from the engineering point of view: the charging of a nano-capacitor runs into Coulomb blockade; the dielectric constants of nanoparticles is much reduced; the binding energy of the shallow dopants in a nanoscale quantum dots becomes many times of kBT resulting in intrinsic behavior regardless of doping density; etc. There are other serious problems preventing the implementation of redundancy and robustness which are so essential to the electronic devices, for example, inadvertent defects cannot be avoided; contacts and input/output have to be sufficiently small resulting in pushing beyond the frontier of lithography. This article aims to discuss some of the fundamental points still requiring better understanding, and what lies ahead in future nanoelectronics.

Disclosure of the quackery: Testing of the bactericidal action of products based on the 'Hydronic' technology ("informed glass") on ATCC strains of <i>Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella enteridis</i> and <i>Candida</i>

“…However, we should not exclude the possibility that a selected compound with a known bactericidal action when applied in a nano-layer, used for example in the manufacture of wall coatings of operating rooms and windscreens of cars and airplanes, was subsequently applied to the walls of the glass using nanotechnology. As a matter of fact, in the world, at the present time, in the development of the applied science the greatest investments are made in nanotechnology which is based on a scientific discipline called nanoscience (Tsu, 2001;Tsu, 2003). It has been widely applied in nanomedicine where nanoparticles are used for different purposes: as fluorescent biomarkers, for transport of medicines and gene therapy, for biodetection of pathogens, for detection of proteins, for research into the DNA structure, for tissue modelling, in antitumour therapy, for separation and purification of biological molecules and cells, as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) contrast media (Bogunia-Kubik, 2002), and especially for selective destruction of certain species of bacteria, viruses and yeasts by means of cellular respiration blocking (Binning et al, 2002).…”

Issues in nanophotonics: coupling and phase in resonant tunneling

“…The energy of resonance is E 4 = 0.0682eV, and E 3 = 0.079eV, E 2 = 0.05eV, and E 1 = 0.03eV. First appeared in Tsu [17,19] taken from Sen's unpublished thesis [16] The computed value of the build-up time at resonance from Fig. 2, or using the estimate is ~ 200fs, which is considerably shorter than these computed values of several ps obtained by, for example Gong et al [20], and others, cited in Gong's work using time dependent Schrodinger equation, but assuming variable separable in both spatial and time coordinates, without the procedure established by Sen [16], using Green function to include the initial value in space.…”

Superlattices: problems and new opportunities, nanosolids

“…The computed transmission time generally oscillates during the initial time, reaching several orders of magnitude down from the delay time. If the energy is at resonance, the delay time rises and overshoots approximately 8% [ 14 ] and settles down to the delay time using Equation 9, something quite familiar with most transient analyses. In time-dependent microwave cavity with E & M waves, there is generally similar delay in time response at resonance.…”