Challenges in Future China-Latin America and the Caribbean (CLAC) Relations

Niu, Haibin

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98664-3_13

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…From this chaos, the leftist populist president Hugo Chavez rose to power in 1999 and embarked on a massive social spending binge [82][83][84]. His social programs financed education, health, and food production, leading to drastic decreases in poverty, but making the country deeply dependent on future oil revenues.…”

Section: The Venezuela Story: Non-sustainable Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pension and life insurance resources were suspected of reaching insolvency soon due to the depreciation of their investments in stocks and nonpayment on both corporate and real estate bonds. This proved to be a vicious cycle as the age pyramid became top-heavy as fewer people were paying into the funds that were to finance future expenditure [76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87]106].…”

Section: Borrowing From the Future Generations-inspired By Venezuela'...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learning from the Future of Kuwait: Scenarios as a Learning Tool to Build Consensus for Actions Needed to Realize Vision 2035

et al. 2023

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This perspective is a qualitative meta-analysis study using a critical interpretive synthesis that narrates three future and equally plausible scenarios of social and economic development in the State of Kuwait over the next 15 years. The first scenario follows what we call the ‘Sustainable Growth’ model as defined by the United Nations Development Goals and the Kuwait Vision 2035 presented by the Amir Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. As a polar opposite, the next scenario is what we call the ‘Mismanaged Resourced-Based Autocracy’ model, a negative reflection of the worst-case scenario. The third scenario is in between these two, and we call it the ‘Equality of Outcome Between Societal Groups’ model. So as not to lay blame for past actions or point fingers, which could prove counterproductive to a consensus-building process for needed actions, we chose to use the pasts of other countries for future projections for the State of Kuwait. Our search through recent socio-economic pasts revealed that Singapore was the best fit for the first scenario, Venezuela for the second, and Lebanon for the third. All these countries became fully independent at approximately the same time as the State of Kuwait and share many other similarities. The three future projections were used as input variables to the outcome, which was a bottom-up and top-down consensus-making process regarding utilitarian action for Kuwait to be used by Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), Think-Tanks, Development Agencies, the government and the parliament.

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Section: The Venezuela Story: Non-sustainable Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%