Challenges in Extending Optical Fibre Transmission Bandwidth Beyond C+L Band and How to Get There

Buglia, Henrique; Sillekens, Eric; Vasylchenkova, Anastasiia; Yi, Wenting; Killey, Robert I.; Bayvel, Polina; Galdino, Lídia

doi:10.23919/ondm51796.2021.9492434

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…T O address the current capacity limitations in the installed optical network infrastructure, new technologies are being explored to extend the optical transmission bandwidth beyond the conventionally used C+L band [1,2,3,4]. Although bandwidth expansion can lead to higher data throughputs, several challenges arise in modelling UWB transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To enable real-time prediction of the UWB system performance, formulations in closed form are needed. These formulations must offer a fast, yet accurate, evaluation of the network characteristics, so that they can be widely used for network optimisation purposes [1,2]. The closed-form expressions derived using the ISRS Gaussian noise (GN) model [17] are a starting point due to their simplicity and efficiency in estimating NLI in UWB systems, and numerous closed-form equations have been developed to date [18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Closed-Form Expression for the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering Extended for Arbitrary Loss and Fibre Length

Buglia

Jarmolovicius

Vasylchenkova

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A closed-form formula for the nonlinear interference (NLI) estimation using the Gaussian noise (GN) model in the presence of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) is derived. The formula enables accurate estimation of the NLI evolution along any portion of the fibre span together with arbitrary values of optical fibre losses. The formula also accounts for wavelength-dependent fibre parameters, variable modulation formats and launch power profiles. The formula is suitable for ultra-wideband (UWB) optical transmission systems and its accuracy is assessed for a system with 20 THz optical bandwidth over the entire S-, C-, and L-band through comparison with numerical integration of the ISRS GN model and split-step Fourier method (SSFM) simulations in point-to-point transmission and inline NLI estimation scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed-Form Expression for the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering Extended for Arbitrary Loss and Fibre Length

Buglia

Jarmolovicius

Vasylchenkova

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…The importance of launch power setting in UWB systems was initially discussed in the late 1990's [14][15][16]. However, recent development of fast and accurate models and algorithms have enabled its computation, including global optimisation algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms (EA) [17,18], particle swarm optimisation (PSO) [19], artificial neural network (ANN) [20] and faster but sub-optimal strategies [21]. Most importantly, the speed of these algorithms has been improved through analytical [22,23], numerical [24,25], or even ANN [26,27] models that estimate the NLI in the presence of ISRS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This manuscript is an extension of the work presented at the 2021 Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM) conference[19]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

On the impact of launch power optimization and transceiver noise on the performance of ultra-wideband transmission systems [Invited]

Galdino

Blugia

Sillekens

et al. 2022

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Ultra-wideband transmission is a promising, cost-effective solution to meet the increasing demand for data traffic in optical fiber systems. However, system performance and quality of transmission (QoT) are limited by fiber nonlinearity, in particular, interchannel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS), leading to a power transfer from short to long wavelengths. As the result, per-channel launch power optimization is required to maximize the system throughput. In this paper, we investigate how the transceiver noise and launch power optimization impact the total throughput and the per-channel QoT for transmission bandwidths of up to 20 THz, using the S-, C-, and L-bands. To measure the gains through the optimum launch power profile, a spectrally uniform launch power is used as a baseline. Through experimental analysis and theoretical modeling, the main limitations constraining the achieved data throughput of 178 Tb/s over a continuous bandwidth of 16.83 THz and 40 km were investigated. The impact of the launch power optimization and the transceiver constrained signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are analyzed and compared, and the approaches to overcome data throughput limitations are considered. An extensive theoretical investigation for different system configurations is described, demonstrating the trade-off between ISRS impact and transceiver noise. The former degrades the QoT and increases the gains in performance obtained by optimizing the launch power, while the latter reduces these gains and the SNR variation across the bandwidth, with a major impact over short distances.

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“…In this case, proper launch power optimization is essential to deliver the highest capacity and fully exploit the benefit of MB transmission. However, the power optimization problem is non-convex in the presence of ISRS [9], and most publications have solved the optimization problem through explicit enumeration [14,15], iterative algorithms [16] or genetic algorithms [3,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of counterpropagating Raman amplification for multiband optical networks

Souza

Costa

Pedro

et al. 2022

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Multi-band (MB) optical fibre transmission systems can unlock additional capacity in the existing optical fibre infrastructure, enabling it to keep up with the increase in traffic demand while postponing costly optical fibre deployments. However, due to the worse transmission characteristics of MB systems than Cband only transmission, the network overall spectral efficiency decreases when increasing the transmission bandwidth. The extent of this performance degradation is paramount to determining the commercial viability of deploying MB systems. By estimating the generalized signal-to-noise ratio using the GNPy library, this work analyses the impact of using counter-propagating Raman amplification to improve the performance of an S+C+L-band transmission system comprising a total bandwidth of 15.5 THz. Raman amplification is proposed to mitigate the worse system performance resulting from the stimulated Raman scattering effect and the worse noise figure of the S-band optical amplifier. We show that the optimized deployment of a counter-propagating Raman pump enables not only improving but also equalizing the network-wide optical performance of the S+C+L-band transmission system, which potentially reduces the complexity of routing and wavelength assignment algorithms. The capacity, spectral efficiency and number of feasible lightpaths of the S+C+L-band system are compared to C-and C+L-band systems with and without Raman amplification on two reference networks. Results show that the spectral efficiency of the S+C+L-band system with Raman amplification is similar to the C-band only system without Raman amplification. These results provide evidence that this strategy can be effectively used to compensate for the worse transmission characteristics of MB systems, the higher noise figure of the S-band optical amplifier, the SRS effect and the additional losses from the band demultiplexer and coupler required at every amplification stage to separate the transmission bands. Overall, the simulation results highlight that a single optical fibre can approximately carry the same data when using a 15.5-THz transmission band (and Raman amplification) as three parallel fibres using C-band only transmission (without Raman amplification).

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Challenges in Extending Optical Fibre Transmission Bandwidth Beyond C+L Band and How to Get There

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

A Closed-Form Expression for the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering Extended for Arbitrary Loss and Fibre Length

A Closed-Form Expression for the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering Extended for Arbitrary Loss and Fibre Length

On the impact of launch power optimization and transceiver noise on the performance of ultra-wideband transmission systems [Invited]

Benefits of counterpropagating Raman amplification for multiband optical networks

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