“…Some studies focus exclusively on societal aspects of the Global-Excellence-Theory, such as the political-economic system of a country (Dolea, 2012;Kirat, 2005;Molleda & Suárez, 2005) culture (Huang, 2000;Taylor, 2000;Wu, Taylor, & Chen, 2001) and activism (Guiniven, 2002). There is also a number of studies investigating the level of PR professionalism (one of the original excellence factors) on the national level (de Bussy & Wolf, 2009;Gupta, 2007;Kirat, 2006;Niemann-Struweg & Meintjes, 2008).…”