Challenges for long-term industry restructuring in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin: What has Polish coal mining achieved and failed from a twenty-year perspective?

The integrative management model for restructuring small and MEDIUM-SIZED enterprises (SME)

“…Other possible constrains are related to property costs/rent, wages, markets or available workforce, e.g. : i) in Lithuania, the level of SME relocation is higher in the service sector than in the production sector as equipment is rather mobile and premises are standard; ii) in the UK, high-technology fi rms are less mobile due to reliance on their regional, social and business networks, including workforce (Galbraith et al, 2008) 2011;Kowalska, 2015).   Infrastructure decisions, e.g., (re)building highways & railways, public and private building renovation or the expropriation of land for business may cause SME relocation.…”

Key Tasks of Science in Improving Effectiveness of Hard Coal Production in Poland

“…It makes it significantly harder to manage costs and means that lowering the volume of production does not result in lowering unit cost of production. It has to be emphasised that, despite aforementioned characteristics of mining activities, 90% share of fixed costs in the production costs is not economically justified and results mainly from making a pro-social assumption of rigid salaries and a rigid level of employment (Jonek-Kowalska, 2015). In free-market economy conditions such an approach has no rational justification, as costs of salaries are by nature variable costs, dependant on the volume of production, even in hard coal mining industry.…”

Conditions of consolidation processes in polish mining enterprises

“…Jest to zgodne z analizowanym trendem historycznym i przewidywaniami dotyczącymi rozwoju polskiej gospodarki w najbliższym piętnastoleciu. Taka prognoza zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną mogłaby zostać potraktowana jako szansa dla polskiego górnictwa węgla 11 kamiennego, jeżeli udałoby się utrzymać lub zwiększyć udział tego surowca w bilansie energetycznym Polski.…”