Challenges, Benefits, and Opportunities in Installing and Operating Cabled Ocean Observatories: Perspectives From NEPTUNE Canada

Barnes, Chris; Best, Mairi; Johnson, F.; Pautet, Lucie; Pirenne, B.

doi:10.1109/joe.2012.2212751

Cited by 95 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…By adding a diver interface for viewing the imaged area and controlling the measurement, the system could be operated by a SCUBA diver in a similar interactive way as a regular underwater video recorder. Alternatively, by improving the water depth rating of the underwater housing, the system could be implemented as part of underwater observatories (Barnes et al 2013) for long-term, remotely operated, or autonomous monitoring of the sea floor.…”

Section: Chennu Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral imaging of the microscale distribution and dynamics of microphytobenthos in intertidal sediments

Chennu¹,

Farber²,

Volkenborn³

et al. 2013

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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511Microphytobenthos (MPB), consisting of benthic phototrophs such as microalgae, cyanobacteria, and dinoflagellates, is the fundament of the trophic food web in coastal ecosystems. In shallow-water environments, such as intertidal flats and estuaries, MPB represents a considerable portion of the autotrophic biomass, accounting for up to 50% of the primary production Nozais et al. 2001;Spilmont et al. 2006). MPB is the predominant food source for many deposit-feeding organisms, and the activity and distribution of MPB profoundly affect nutrient fluxes across the sediment-water interface, sediment geochemistry, as well as sediment morphology and stability (Sundbäck et al. 1991;Montagna et al. 1995;Miller et al. 1996;Stal 2010).The spatio-temporal organization of a community is a prominent issue in ecology. Levin (1992) argued that analysis of large-scale (regional) patterns must integrate effects occurring at smaller scales. Generally, the distribution of MPB is affected by both abiotic processes (e.g., nutrient availability, hydrodynamic exposure, sediment type) and biotic processes (e.g., grazing, competition) through a complex network of interactions. In their reductionist approach to benthic ecology, Miller et al. (1996) argued that studies of interactions with a direct effect on the MPB distribution (so called "isolated first-order interactions") are required to disentangle the complex relationships between the sediment bed, infaunal organisms, and the water column, and for a comprehensive picture AbstractWe describe a novel, field-deployable hyperspectral imaging system, called Hypersub, that allows noninvasive in situ mapping of the microphytobenthos (MPB) biomass distribution with a high spatial (sub-millimeter) and temporal (minutes) resolution over areas of 1 × 1 m. The biomass is derived from a log-transformed and near-infrared corrected reflectance hyperspectral index, which exhibits a linear relationship (R 2 > 0.97) with the chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration in the euphotic zone of the sediment and depends on the sediment grain size. Deployments of the system revealed that due to factors such as sediment topography, bioturbation, and grazing, the distribution of MPB in intertidal sediments is remarkably heterogeneous, with Chl a concentrations varying laterally by up to 400% of the average value over a distance of 1 cm. Furthermore, due to tidal cycling and diel light variability, MPB concentrations in the top 1 mm of sediments are very dynamic, changing by 40-80% over a few hours due to vertical migration. We argue that the high-resolution hyperspectral imaging method overcomes the inadequate resolution of traditional methods based on sedimentary Chl a extraction, and thus helps improve our understanding of the processes that control benthic primary production in coastal sediments.

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Section: Chennu Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral imaging of the microscale distribution and dynamics of microphytobenthos in intertidal sediments

Chennu¹,

Farber²,

Volkenborn³

et al. 2013

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…This is recorded in real time by remotely operated vehicles, crawlers, sensors, and seabed cameras (Thomsen et al 2012;Barnes et al 2013;Purser et al 2013 ups (possibly marking stratigraphic disconformities). Further, since the methane hydrate and associated carbonate deposits are related to deep-sea temperature-pressure relationships, variations of carbonate distribution in the stratigraphy can be influenced by major eustatic and climate changes (Xu et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neogene strontium isotope stratigraphy, foraminifer biostratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy from offshore wells, Queen Charlotte Basin, British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2015

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Strontium isotope ages of foraminifers from Early Miocene to Late Pliocene (Neogene) sequences (21.2-3.4 Ma) are reported for the first time from the Queen Charlotte Basin (QCB) in Queen Charlotte Sound, offshore British Columbia. These ages, together with a revised foraminifer biostratigraphy and log data from two offshore wells, provide a high-resolution chronostratigraphy for the southern part of the QCB. The data show thick 1717-2636 m Miocene sequences overlain by much thinner Pliocene and younger units (<240 m). Assessments of foraminifer biofacies indicate common transported neritic and shelf faunas into slope or bathyal environments where changes in basin water depths indicate significant deformation and erosion. Résumé : Des datations isotopiques (strontium) de foraminifères dans des successions (21,2 à 3,4 Ma) du Miocène précoce auPliocène tardif (Néogène) sont rapportées pour la première fois du bassin de la Reine-Charlotte dans le détroit de la ReineCharlotte, au large de la Colombie Britannique. Ces âges, joints à une biostratigraphie des foraminifères révisée et des données de diagraphies de deux puits au large, fournissent une chronostratigraphie à haute définition pour la partie sud du bassin de la Reine-Charlotte.

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“…Cabled seafloor observatories are one of the key systems used to monitor the seabed environment. The observatories are able to supply low or high power marine instruments while providing quasi real-time, long-term monitoring of underwater environmental processes [1] [2]. However due to their cabled nature, the observatories present a limited range of exploration and thus are less flexible than autonomous systems such as AUVs, UUVs or profiling floats.…”

Section: Introduction and Context Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Characterization, and Test of a Versatile Single-Mode Power-Over-Fiber and Communication System for Seafloor Observatories

Diouf

Quintard

Ghişa

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Oceanic Eng.

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A power-over-fiber (PoF) and communication system for extending a cabled seafloor observatory is demonstrated in this contribution. The system allows the cabled seafloor observatory to be linked, through a single optical fiber, to a sensor node located 8 km away. The PoF system is based on an optical architecture in which power and data propagate simultaneously on the same single-mode fiber. The Raman scattering effect is exploited to amplify the optical data signals and leads to the minimization of the sensor node power consumption. Versatile low power electronic interfaces have been developed to ensure compatibility with a wide range of marine sensors. A low-consumption fieldprogrammable gate array and an energy-efficient microcontroller are used to develop the electronic interfaces. For an electrical input power of 31 W, up to 190 mW is recovered at the sensor node while a data bitrate of up to 3.6 Mb/s is achieved. The PoF system has been tested and validated for turbidity and acoustic measurement applications. The current study focuses on the electronic development and the validation of the PoF system.

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Challenges, Benefits, and Opportunities in Installing and Operating Cabled Ocean Observatories: Perspectives From NEPTUNE Canada

Cited by 95 publications

References 16 publications

Hyperspectral imaging of the microscale distribution and dynamics of microphytobenthos in intertidal sediments

Hyperspectral imaging of the microscale distribution and dynamics of microphytobenthos in intertidal sediments

Neogene strontium isotope stratigraphy, foraminifer biostratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy from offshore wells, Queen Charlotte Basin, British Columbia, Canada

Design, Characterization, and Test of a Versatile Single-Mode Power-Over-Fiber and Communication System for Seafloor Observatories

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