Challenges and Opportunities in Dock-Based Bike-Sharing Rebalancing: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Bike-sharing systems (BSS) have raised in popularity in the last years due to their potential share in sustainable cities. Although the first attempts to implement a bike-sharing public service date back to 1965 (Amsterdam), their widespread use arrived with the millennium becoming a vibrant research area whose activity has increased steadily in the last decade. Several authors have attempted to summarize the current state of the art, but the literature on BSS is still scattered in different fields. Thus, there is a lack of literature that summarizes and categorizes the available research on BSS. In this paper, we perform a thorough review of the challenges behind rebalancing in bike-sharing systems. The objectives of this paper are to collect papers on the repositioning problem in dock-based bike-sharing services, classify them and point to novel research venues. We render a keyword analysis in the literature and a timeline that shows the evolution of those keywords throughout the last decade. We also include an exhaustive table that will assist researchers from different disciplines to address the open challenges in the field and to transition towards more sustainable cities.

Vehicle-Sharing Services: An Umbrella Review

“…The question of the ability of the models offered by the scientific literature to accurately represent VSS remains open Golalikhani et al, 2020;. In particular, most authors having tackled this subject identify the demand modeling as a necessary area of further research Vallez et al, 2021;, implying the need to include the results of descriptive research in particular on potential users and modal shifts. The vehicle relocation problem, extensively reviewed by , is another opportunity for further research, in particular user-based relocation Vallez et al, 2021;Hirsh et al, 2019;: here again, it would be useful to rely on descriptive research of actual relocation operations.…”

Rebalancing Strategy for Bike-Sharing Systems Based on the Model of Level of Detail

“…In recent years, researches related to bike-sharing system have been advancing, and these studies have provided a large number of ideas for rebalancing bike-sharing system. e main options to rebalance bike-sharing system include user-based and operator-based strategy [15]. e former is more popular in dockless bikesharing system, while the latter performs better in stationbased bike-sharing system.…”

A simulation framework for the design of a station-based bike sharing system

“…One of such problems is bike relocating. Challenges and opportunities in station-based bike sharing rebalancing are presented in Vallez et al [2021].…”