Challenges and opportunities in animal models of gambling-like behavior

Haar, Cole Vonder

doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.10.013

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Compared to preceding reviews [ 4 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], our scoping review implemented a more thorough, replicable methodology. However, it is not a full systematic review, but a scoping review with the corresponding limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be included in this review, the publication had to describe an original study, it had to describe a behavioural task relating to individual risk-based decision making/gambling and the task had to be performed by animals. Excluded were other behavioural tasks, exclusively human studies and reviews [ 20 , 24 , 80 , 81 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many possible task designs have been developed for use in humans and animals. While these tasks have been reviewed before (e.g., [ 4 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]), we are not aware of any systematic overview. In this work, we thus describe a combined approach, consisting of a systematic scoping review (meta-research) and a primary pilot-study, to explore the relationship between sleep and risk-based decision making in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk-Based Decision Making: A Systematic Scoping Review of Animal Models and a Pilot Study on the Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Rats

et al. 2021

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Animals, including humans, frequently make decisions involving risk or uncertainty. Different strategies in these decisions can be advantageous depending the circumstances. Short sleep duration seems to be associated with more risky decisions in humans. Animal models for risk-based decision making can increase mechanistic understanding, but very little data is available concerning the effects of sleep. We combined primary- and meta-research to explore the relationship between sleep and risk-based decision making in animals. Our first objective was to create an overview of the available animal models for risky decision making. We performed a systematic scoping review. Our searches in Pubmed and Psychinfo retrieved 712 references, of which 235 were included. Animal models for risk-based decision making have been described for rodents, non-human primates, birds, pigs and honey-bees. We discuss task designs and model validity. Our second objective was to apply this knowledge and perform a pilot study on the effect of sleep deprivation. We trained and tested male Wistar rats on a probability discounting task; a “safe” lever always resulted in 1 reward, a “risky” lever resulted in 4 or no rewards. Rats adapted their preferences to variations in reward probabilities (p < 0.001), but 12 h of sleep deprivation during the light phase did not clearly alter risk preference (p = 0.21).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk-Based Decision Making: A Systematic Scoping Review of Animal Models and a Pilot Study on the Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Rats

et al. 2021

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Neurobiological changes in striatal glutamate are associated with trait impulsivity of differential reinforcement of low-rate-response behavior in male rats

Chuang¹,

Tsai²,

Chen³

et al. 2021

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Audiovisual cues must be predictable and win-paired to drive risky choice

Hathaway

Kim

Malhas

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Risky or maladaptive decision making is thought to be central to the etiology of both drug and gambling addiction. Win-concurrent cues can enhance disadvantageous, risky choice in both rats and humans, yet it is unclear which aspects of the cue-reward contingencies drive this effect. Here, we implemented six variants of the rat Gambling Task (rGT), in which animals can maximise their sugar pellet profits by avoiding options paired with higher per-trial gains but disproportionately longer and more frequent time-out penalties. When audiovisual cues were delivered concurrently with wins, and scaled in salience with reward size, significantly more rats preferred the risky options as compared to the uncued rGT. Similar results were observed when the relationship between reward size and cue complexity was inverted, and when cues were delivered concurrently with all outcomes. Conversely, risky choice did not increase when cues occurred randomly on 50% of trials, and decision making actually improved when cues were coincident with losses alone. As such, cues do not increase risky choice by simply elevating arousal, or amplifying the difference between wins and losses. It is instead important that the cues are reliably associated with wins; presenting the cues on losing outcomes as well as wins does not diminish their ability to drive risky choice. Computational analyses indicate that win-paired cues reduced the impact of losses on decision making. These results may help us understand how sensory stimulation can increase the addictive nature of gambling and gaming products.

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Challenges and opportunities in animal models of gambling-like behavior

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Risk-Based Decision Making: A Systematic Scoping Review of Animal Models and a Pilot Study on the Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Rats

Risk-Based Decision Making: A Systematic Scoping Review of Animal Models and a Pilot Study on the Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Rats

Neurobiological changes in striatal glutamate are associated with trait impulsivity of differential reinforcement of low-rate-response behavior in male rats

Audiovisual cues must be predictable and win-paired to drive risky choice

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