Challenges and Neuropsychological Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Borderline Intellectual Functioning

Sätilä, Heli; Jolma, Laura Mirjami; Meriläinen-Nipuli, Mira; Koivu-Jolma, Mikko

doi:10.3390/children9121847

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…7 In our study, among 18 (34.0%) patients with FSIQ/DQ scores of <85, only 3 (18.8%) received additional support at school. As reported in a previous study, 31 children with FSIQ scores of <85 require some additional support at school, and the rate of patients with these scores in this study was consistent with the rate of children who received additional support in the Netherlands. Therefore, patients with borderline intelligence quotient scores did not receive enough support in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comprehensive analyses of neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life of children with biliary atresia

Satomura,

Tachibana,

Yasuda

et al. 2023

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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ObjectivesTo holistically evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life (QOL) of Japanese patients with biliary atresia (BA) and to investigate the factors associated with the outcomes.MethodsThis study enrolled patients with BA aged 5–18 years who visited Osaka University Hospital in 2021. Neurodevelopmental assessments were performed to evaluate intellectual ability, cognitive functions and adaptive skill levels. Furthermore, emotional and behavioral issues, characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and QOL were concomitantly assessed in the same cohort. Biochemical and social factors associated with the results were examined.ResultsFifty‐three patients, with a median age of 11.2 years were included in the analyses. Patients with BA had a significantly lower Full‐Scale Intelligence Quotient or developmental quotient (FSIQ/DQ) score and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) composite score than the general Japanese population. Household education level and short stature were associated with low and borderline FSIQ/DQ and VABS composite scores, respectively. Among patients with low and borderline FSIQ/DQ scores, those with average or high VABS composite scores received significantly less neuroeducational care than those with low and borderline VABS composite scores. Despite the low FSIQ/DQ and VABS composite scores, the total QOL scores were higher than those of the general population.ConclusionPatients with BA had intellectual and behavioral impairments. Notably, patients with intellectual impairments are overlooked and not followed up, especially if adaptive skills are maintained.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comprehensive analyses of neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life of children with biliary atresia

Satomura,

Tachibana,

Yasuda

et al. 2023

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…An FSIQ of 85 has been used as the cutoff between individuals with average intellectual functioning and those with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF; FSIQ 70–84) or intellectual disability (FSIQ < 70) ( 50 ). While BIF is not considered a mental disability in the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), children with BIF have high risk for the same mental, social, and intellectual difficulties as those with intellectual disability ( 50 – 54 ). Our finding that ΔFosB corresponds to FSIQ in this patient subpopulation (FSIQ < 85) suggests that in these individuals, ΔFosB may be engaging mechanisms that negatively affect cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal ΔFosB expression is associated with cognitive impairment in a subgroup of patients with childhood epilepsies

Fu,

You,

Mohila

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and is often comorbid with other neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Patients with recurrent seizures often present with cognitive impairment. However, it is unclear how seizures, even when infrequent, produce long-lasting deficits in cognition. One mechanism may be seizure-induced expression of ΔFosB, a long-lived transcription factor that persistently regulates expression of plasticity-related genes and drives cognitive dysfunction. We previously found that, compared with cognitively-intact subjects, the activity-dependent expression of ΔFosB in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) was increased in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in individuals with AD. In MCI patients, higher ΔFosB expression corresponded to lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Surgically resected DG tissue from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy also showed robust ΔFosB expression; however, it is unclear whether ΔFosB expression also corresponds to cognitive dysfunction in non-AD-related epilepsy. To test whether DG ΔFosB expression is indicative of cognitive impairment in epilepsies with different etiologies, we assessed ΔFosB expression in surgically-resected hippocampal tissue from 33 patients with childhood epilepsies who had undergone Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) testing prior to surgery. We found that ΔFosB expression is inversely correlated with Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) in patients with mild to severe intellectual disability (FSIQ < 85). Our data indicate that ΔFosB expression corresponds to cognitive impairment in epilepsies with different etiologies, supporting the hypothesis that ΔFosB may epigenetically regulate gene expression and impair cognition across a wide range of epilepsy syndromes.

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Comparison Metaphor and Reasoning Comprehension Between Children with Borderline Intelligence and Typical Developing School-Aged children

Lee,

Choi,

2023

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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Purpose: Metalinguistic skills play a critical role in school-aged children’s language development and academic achievement. This study investigates whether metaphorical reasoning in children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) (or slow learners) differs from that of typically developing children.Methods: A total of 52 children (29 boys and 23 girls), who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, were included. Children were categorized into three groups (15 slow learner group, 18 chronological age-matched group, and 19 language age-matched group) based on their K-WISC and receptive vocabulary scores in the Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT). All children completed the Metaphorical and Reasoning Comprehension test (MARC) to estimate their metaphor and reasoning comprehension ability.Results: As a result of a one-way analysis of variance, there was a significant difference among the groups, and a significant difference was found between the slow learners and the chronological age-matched group (p=0.000), but no significant difference was presented between the slow learner group and the language age-matched group. Similarly, regarding the expressive vocabulary score, a one-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference only between the slow learner and the chronological age-matched group (p=0.000). When comparing the scores for metaphorical reasoning comprehension among the three groups, the metaphorical reasoning comprehension scores were significantly different among the groups, with the slow learners having the lowest scores: the slow learner group was substantially different from the language age-matched group (p=0.025), while there was also a significant difference between the slow learner group and the chronological age-matched group (p=0.000).Conclusions: This study suggests that the semantic component of language is not affected in BIF children, but rather, the meaning of words is affected by tasks that require higher-order metalinguistic skills, such as understanding metaphorical inferences embedded in the context of a sentence. Accordingly, the ability to understand metaphorical reasoning can identify slow learners.

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Challenges and Neuropsychological Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Borderline Intellectual Functioning

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Comprehensive analyses of neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life of children with biliary atresia

Comprehensive analyses of neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life of children with biliary atresia

Hippocampal ΔFosB expression is associated with cognitive impairment in a subgroup of patients with childhood epilepsies

Comparison Metaphor and Reasoning Comprehension Between Children with Borderline Intelligence and Typical Developing School-Aged children

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