Challenges and Breakthroughs in Enhancing Temperature Tolerance of Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Lithium‐based batteries (LBBs) are highly researched and recognized as a mature electrochemical energy storage (EES) system in recent years. However, their stability and effectiveness are primarily confined to room temperature conditions. At temperatures significantly below 0 °C or above 60 °C, LBBs experience substantial performance degradation. Under such challenging extreme contexts, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) emerge as a promising complementary technology, distinguished by their fast dynamics at low temperature region and superior safety under elevated temperatures. Notably, developing SIBs suitable for wide‐temperature usage still presents significant challenges, particularly for specific applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, and deep‐space/polar explorations, which requires a thorough understanding of how SIBs perform under different temperature conditions. By reviewing the development of wide‐temperature SIBs, we systematically and comprehensively analyze the influence of temperature on the parameters related to battery performance, such as reaction constant, charge transfer resistance, etc. The review emphasizes challenges encountered by SIBs in both low and high temperatures while exploring recent advancements in SIB materials, specifically focusing on strategies to enhance battery performance across diverse temperature ranges. Overall, insights gained from these studies will drive the development of SIBs that can handle the challenges posed by diverse and harsh climates.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved